This study investigated the relations of personality and the autonomic nervous system (ANS) to ratings of teacher behavior, emotional stability, and general health as measured during student teaching and the 1st, 6th, and 7th years of in-service teaching for 279 female subjects. The theses tested were that (1) measures of individual differences in ANS functions afford a means of predicting those teachers who will be least likely to withstand the stresses of teaching and (2) these measures in conjunction with indexes of personality, mental and physical health, and controlled appraisals of teaching performance will provide improved predictive indexes of teacher behavior. Results verifying relationships between ANS and personality were consistent with those of previous studies of children and males. Among other conclusions were that (1) teachers who show autonomic balance in the direction of relative parasympathetic nervous system dominance adjusted least well to teaching and (2) characterization of the less successful teachers as less friendly and sociable, less objective, less emotionally stable, more introverted and more tense, was consistent with differences in ANS functioning. Included are 49 statistical tables recording the psychophysiological test battery results; a list of 33 references; and 20 pages of data recording forms, rating scales, and inventories. (JS)