Based on information gathered in 1965 and 1966 for the United States Office of Education, this study of adult education in the United States begins with a definition of terms and of underlying educational philosophy, then reviews the history of American adult education, current patterns of participation, the adult education profession (including research and the training of adult educators), the nature and scope of Federal activities and policies, the present state of adult education activities by the mass media and other non-Federal groups and institutions, and areas of concern in the changing field of adult education. Recommendations for action are set forth in such areas as data reporting, research design, information dissemination, innovation and experimentation, interagency cooperation and program coordination within the Federal government, and the recruitment, development, and training of qualified personnel. (The document includes tables and chapter references.) (ly)