THIS MANUAL DESCRIBES MEASURES USED IN "THE COGNITIVE ENVIRONMENTS OF URBAN PRE-SCHOOL CHILDREN" PROJECT AT THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO. THE SAMPLE FOR THE STUDY CONSISTED OF 163 NEGRO MOTHER-CHILD PAIRS SELECTED FROM 3 SOCIOECONOMIC CLASSES BASED ON THE FATHER'S OCCUPATION AND THE PARENTS' EDUCATION. A FOURTH GROUP INCLUDED FATHER-ABSENT FAMILIES. THE MOTHERS WERE INTERVIEWED AT HOME AND THE MOTHERS AND CHILDREN WERE TESTED AT THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO WHEN THE CHILDREN WERE 4 YEARS OLD. FOLLOW-UP DATA WERE OBTAINED WHEN THE CHILDREN WERE 6 AND AGAIN WHEN THEY WERE 7. THE CURIOSITY TASK WAS GIVEN TO THE CHILD DURING THE SECOND UNIVERSITY TESTING SESSION. SIXTEEN PICTURES, DIVIDED INTO 8 COMPLEX/SIMPLE PAIRS OF SIMILAR STIMULUS TYPES, WERE SHOWN TO THE CHILD IN A BOX WHICH LIT WHEN THE CHILD'S HEAD WAS PUSHED AGAINST A BAR. THE VIEWING TIME WAS AUTOMATICALLY RECORDED. SCORING WAS BASED ON (1) THE TOTAL VIEWING TIME IN SECONDS, (2) THE TOTAL COMPLEX-PICTURE VIEWING TIME, AND (3) THE TOTAL SIMPLE-PICTURE VIEWING TIME. IN ADDITION, "CURIOSITY PROPORTIONS," DEFINED AS THE RATIO OF COMPLEX TO COMPLEX PLUS SIMPLE VIEWING TIME, WERE CALCULATED FOR EACH PAIR, FOR EACH TYPE OF STIMULUS COMPLEXITY, AND FOR THE OVERALL TASK. THE COMPLETE SET OF PROJECT MANUALS COMPRISES PS 000 475 THROUGH PS 000 492. (DR)