THE LACK OF CLEARLY DEFINED GOALS WITHIN THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT IS IMPEDING ITS TACTICS AND MOMENTUM. THE STATED GOAL OF INTEGRATION ACTUALLY HAS TWO ALTERNATIVE INTERPRETATIONS--FULL LEGAL EQUALITY AND RACIAL BALANCE. THE NEWER STRESS ON RACIAL BALANCE RESTS ON THE FALLACIOUS ASSUMPTIONS THAT THE NEGRO'S SITUATION IS UNIQUE BECAUSE OF SLAVERY AND COLOR, AND THAT ONLY MASSIVE GOVERNMENTAL ACTION CAN COUNTERACT THE DEEPLY INGRAINED AMERICAN RACISM. ACTUALLY, THE NEGRO'S CURRENT DISADVANTAGE IS A RESULT OF THE PROBLEMS OF URBANIZATION AND ACCULTURATION WHICH THE NEGRO SHARES WITH OTHER IMMIGRANTS, AND THE IMPORTANCE OF COLOR DEPENDS UPON THE SOCIAL ASSESSMENT OF IT, WHICH VARIES WITH THE TIMES. SOUTHERN INEQUALITY MUST BE UNDERSTOOD AS A PATHOLOGICAL ADJUSTMENT TO THE SOCIAL DYSFUNCTION FOLLOWING ABOLITION, WHEREAS NORTHERN INEQUALITY DERIVES FROM INFORMAL ASSOCIATIONS OF GROUPS ACCORDING TO KINSHIP OR COMMUNITY. INTEGRATION AS AN "ELIMINATION OF DISTINCTIVENESS" IS IRRELEVANT TO THE POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC PLIGHT OF NEGROES, MOST OF WHOM ARE CONCERNED WITH DESEGREGATED EQUALITY, NOT WITH INTEGRATION. SEPARATENESS SHOULD NOT BE OBLITERATED, BECAUSE DOING SO WOULD DESTROY THE VERY NEGRO INSTITUTIONS WHICH THROUGH A FOCUS ON GROUP INTERESTS AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF LEADERSHIP CAN HELP THE RACE TOWARD SOLUTIONS OF THEIR PROBLEMS. (NH)