TESTS WERE CONDUCTED TO FIND THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE CHILD WHO FEELS THAT HIS ACHIEVEMENT IS A RESULT OF INTERNAL FACTORS AND THE CHILD WHO FEELS THAT HIS ACHIEVEMENT OR LACK OF IT IS A RESULT OF EXTERNAL FACTORS. INTERVIEWS, TESTS, AND OBSERVATIONS PROVIDED DATA FOR THE SUGGESTED RELATIONSHIPS. CHILDREN WHO FEEL ACHIEVEMENT TO BE A RESULT OF EXTERNAL FACTORS. WHETHER THE ACHIEVEMENT CAUSED THE ATTITUDE CANNOT BE ASCERTAINED, BUT A RECIPROCAL RELATIONSHIP COULD BE SUGGESTED. THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE VARIABLES TO MATERNAL ATTITUDE SUGGESTS THAT A STRONG PREFERENCE FOR ACHIEVEMENT REWARDS GROWS OUT OF A RELATIONSHIP WITH A WARM, ACCEPTING MOTHER, WHO EXPECTS AND REWARDS COMPETENCE. HIGH CORRELATION EXISTS BETWEEN THE FLEXIBILITY OF A MOTHER'S EXPECTATION AND THE INTERNAL CHARACTER OF THE CHILD. IF THE MOTHER IS MORE CONCERNED WITH HER OWN NEEDS THAN THOSE OF THE CHILD, HER RESPONSES WILL BE TO SOME DEGREE INAPPROPRIATE, AND THE CONNECTIONS BETWEEN HIS BEHAVIOR AND RESULTS WILL BE WEAKENED FOR THE CHILD. THIS PAPER WAS GIVEN AT THE BIENNIAL MEETING OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH IN CHILD DEVELOPMENT (MINNEAPOLIS, MARCH 1965).