Essentially, the COPED project attempted to apply to the public school system knowledge of, and experience with, planned change to create an internal change process that would increase problem-solving skills and improve interpersonal competencies of staffs. Operationally, this meant that each school system would develop its own capabilities to…

This inquiry demonstrated how the educational assumptions underlying the Montessori Method can be applied to constructing educational objectives and evaluating programs for culturally disadvantaged children. Initially, it was shown how these assumptions concentrate upon significant areas of human development. Then, information about…

Progress is reported on four research tasks. An experiment tested the effectiveness of a computer-based phonology instructional system for second-language learning. In research on models of human-computer interactions, experiments were performed demonstrating that the provision of certain incentives to the users of a time-sharing system can have…

This planning overview is part of phase two of PROJECT DESIGN, an ESEA Title III project administered by the Fresno City Unified School District. Developing a long-range interagency master plan for Fresno involves three separate but interrelated activities. The first branch of activity consists of conducting a needs assessment (EA 002 822 thru EA…

Abstracts are included of the major papers presented at a working conference focusing on successful educational programs and dissemination of practices. Three papers describe the rural setting by examining the education of American Indian youth, educational systems in the rural South, and change in rural areas. A paper on change gives suggestions…

The aim of this project was to develop effective techniques for identifying educational needs and formulating them into well-defined problems. The critical incident technique was used to identify need symptoms perceived by educators selected from a representative sample of West Coast school districts. Criteria for evaluating the adequacy of the…

This book delineates underlying concepts, areas of concern, and research findings in the field of interpersonal relations. Section 1 deals with the expressive or emotional aspects of interaction (love, hate, ambivalence, alienation) as they occur in marriage, friendship, family life, and less permanent social situations. The next three sections…

Drawing on behavioral and management science, this book points out the necessity for organizations to re-examine their objectives on behalf of their members, clients, and employees. Part One covers organizations as Socio-technical systems; Part two discusses organizations as people at work (motivation, personality, leadership, and work groups);…

A selected reference list is presented of 94 source publications of interest to architects contemplating employing systematic methods in the execution of professional services involving planning, programing, and design. The publication is divided into four major topical areas--(1) architectural design, (2) design (general), (3) decision making,…

In most of the United States, rural areas are experiencing economic and social changes that raise new policy questions for both government and private organizations. Often, these changes have industrial or urban roots and require knowledge and skills not part of the background of most rural people, with the likely outcome that farmers and other…

One of the major goals of the social studies is to help students gain and refine skills in the area of value clarification. Value sheets, carefully planned activities designed to elicit value clarifying patterns of language from students, are one way of securing value clarification. Sheets, planned in conjunction with ongoing units of instruction,…

The problem of information and documentation in educational research and development is discussed in this European study. The relationship between the problem of information and documentation and the design of research and development is described. The narrative also includes: (1) the constituent parts of the problem of information and…

A review is presented of the role of algorithms in learning and instruction. The paper first describes an algorithm as a procedure guaranteed to produce a correct result and lists its features as: 1) having a reasonably finite number of unambiguously defined operations; 2) having zero or more inputs from a specified domain; 3) having outputs with…

The need for planning in educational systems may be interpreted as the need to identify, prepare, and devise new or revised procedures through which explicit systemic goals may be realized. Usually such efforts have a specific time orientation. Planning is further related to policy in the sense that policy is a legitimized procedure or course of…

This study was an attempt to describe the relationship between the type of position a person holds in a school system and his perception of role responsibility in initiating action to solve the educational problems of the system. The perception of board members, superintendents, principals, and teachers was compared. The board members, designated…