While it is widely recognized that electoral competition can have a major influence on public spending decisions, there has been little effort to consider whether the move to multiparty elections in African countries in recent years has led to a redistribution of public expenditures among social groups. This is a question relevant for debates…

The Foundation for California Community Colleges (FCCC) is a non-profit foundation whose mission is to support the California Community College (CCC) system and to save the CCC money. FCCC is the official auxiliary to the Board of Governors, the Chancellor's office, and the system of 108 colleges of the CCC. This document provides details on the…

As part of Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) funding, Tribal Priority Allocations (TPA) are the principal source of funds for tribal governments and agency offices at the reservation level. According to their unique needs and circumstances, tribes may prioritize funding among eight general categories: government, human services, education, public…

This publication provides guidance to schools that participate in the Federal Direct Student Loan Program. It provides details on how the Direct Loan Program operates and on Direct Loan policies and procedures. The 12 chapters include: (1) "Overview of the Direct Loan Program"; (2) "Basic Components of Direct Loans"; (3)…

At first look, it seems inconsistent and unjust to give help to families which place their children in nonparental care, and deny equivalent help to families in which a parent provides all the care. One might argue that parents who buy care and parents who give care themselves have the same very burdensome problem to deal with and are just…

Policy and practice for screening children for lead poisoning have dominated the dialogue about the health care system's role in lead poisoning prevention, with little attention directed to how the health care system responds to a lead-poisoned child once identified. This report details a study of the case management and environmental…

This report aims to provide an answer to the question of whether there is an economic justification for public intervention to improve the quality of nonparental child care, especially for lower income families. Evidence from large- and small-scale studies of the effects of child care on children's development is presented, and the economic…

This Senate testimony regarding potential improprieties in Medicaid claims for school-based health services focuses on: (1) trends in Medicaid's spending for administrative costs; (2) the distribution of Medicaid payments for administrative claims to schools and other entities; and (3) the adequacy of federal oversight in approving school…

This document contains an historical overview of the Oregon community college system, including its overall mission and student enrollment information for the 1989-94 academic years. The paper describes how Oregon community colleges enjoyed strong state and local tax support until the beginning of a recession in the early 1980's. Declines in the…

A study examined the use of educational aid provided by employers to employees, including the types of employees and educational and training programs that employers support. Two National Center for Education Statistics data sets provided the data for the analysis: National Household Education Survey, which provides information describing all…

This report reviews the proposed Virginia Higher Education Performance Funding Model. It includes an overview of the proposed funding model, examples of likely funding scenarios (including determination of block grants, assumptions underlying performance funding for four-year and two-year institutions); information on deregulation/decentralization…

This report presents the findings from a study of 57 women's centers at community colleges across the country. In spite of the diversity of the origins and evolution of campus-based women's centers, the evidence indicates that most centers today provide educational support services and advocacy for campus women, many of whom are single parents.…

This monograph was designed to provide a comprehensive and enlightened view of the community college as it faces complicated new demands. It offers articles written by community college professionals, including the following: (1) "A Journey of Discovery" by Albert L. Lorenzo; (2) "Organizational Readiness: Middle Age and the Middle Way" by Cindy…

This paper presents First Lady Laura Bush's opening remarks at the White House Conference on Preparing Tomorrow's Teachers. She described the President's No Child Left Behind Act, which allows schools flexibility to use federal funds where the local need is greatest (teacher recruitment, improving teacher training, and increasing teacher pay in…

This publication contains guidelines for U.S. institutions seeking linkages with institutions in other countries. It is the second revision of a document originally published in 1984. The guidelines are designed to help start the process, outline procedures to follow, and identify difficulties that might be avoided. Three types of linkages are…