This study investigated some characteristics of persons experiencing "flashbacks," and provides systematic descriptions of the flashback phenomena. The drug user showed no significant differences in psychopathological characteristics as measured by the MMPI, nor significant differences in attentional processes as measured by the Embedded Figures…

The children's picture book and parent/teacher discussion guide present disabilities as among the many "differences" that make the world interesting. Acceptance of people with handicaps is stressed in the sample questions and answers in the discussion guide. Fifteen additional resources (print, audiovisual, and other) are recommended. (DB)

Type A behavior is characterized by impatience, aggressiveness, and ambition. Type B individuals are more relaxed, easy-going, and unhurried. This study examined the effects of behavior pattern (Type A, intermediate, Type B) and experimenter interest (high versus no interest) on the time allocated to an experimental task and task performance.…

Coping resources are what people bring to situations (as opposed to what they do) that enable them to deal with stressors more effectively, allow them to recover faster, or experience fewer or less intense symptoms upon exposure to stressors. The Coping Resources Inventory (CRI) measures resources in the following domains: cognitive, social,…

Examining relationships in the data from assessments conducted when Japanese infants were 7.5, 12, 23, and 27 months of age, this study provides evidence of an interaction between early attachment and temperamental dispositions. Specifically examined were 7.5-month-olds' stranger and separation distress and general fearfulness; 12-month-olds'…

While the relationship between values and Holland personality types has been suggested, it has not been clearly established. A study was conducted to explore this relationship in a sample of 250 college freshmen and seniors. Subjects were classified by both Holland's Vocational Preference Inventory (VPI) and by college major. Subjects also…

The role of affect in counseling has been examined from several orientations. The depth of processing model views the efficiency of information processing as a function of the extent to which the information is processed. The notion of cognitive processing capacity states that processing information at deeper levels engages more of one's limited…

Several theorists have advocated marital therapy in treatment programs for alcoholics. Given the promise of marital therapy for alcoholics, it is important to develop successful techniques for recruitment. One approach toward improving recruitment is to identify the characteristics of couples who are likely to accept or reject marital therapy.…

It is a common article of belief that each child is unique. Action based on this belief, though, is rare. Researchers have largely neglected the question of the causes of children's individual uniqueness. But, when difficulties and serious problems arise in the course of child rearing, causality is located in the dynamics of family functioning.…

After a brief story illustrating the essential humanness of the work of educators, a British educator addressing an American audience reviews fundamental ideas about the nature of children and offers suggestions about optimal classroom practices. The ideas about the nature of children which are presented concern the uniqueness of individuals and…

The Austin Independent School District (AISD) is now in its third year of study on the effects of a new retention policy adopted in 1981-82. Reviewing the results of the first two years led to the conclusion that traditional methods of studying retention might not be the most appropriate. These evaluations have primarily focused on the impact of…

The focus of research on cognitive processes has shifted toward an examination of the relationship between memory and interindividual differences of personality. A review of the research on two such personality traits (i.e., locus of control and field dependence-independence) shows that studies of locus of control as a factor in learning and…

Although research in episodic recall memory, comparing younger and older adults, favors the younger adults, findings in semantic memory research are less consistent. To examine age differences in semantic and episodic memory recall, 72 young adults (mean age, 20.8) and 72 older adults (mean age 71) completed three memory tests under varied…

Preschool children's problem-solving strategies on structured and unstructured number tasks were compared in this study. Participants were 20 four-years-olds and 20 five-year-olds. Each child was administered a number conservation, addition and subtraction, and division task. The addition and subtraction task contained trials which were designed…

A growing number of psychologists seem to be involving themselves in independent psychological practice. Consistent with this trend, Division 42 (Independent Practice) of the American Psychological Association (APA) was developed. Division 42 has grown considerably in recent years, with a membership of over 5,000 psychologists. While psychologists…