Contingent reinforcement was used in training eight severely retarded children (4-14 years old) who were previously judged to be nonimitative. (Author)

Describes the organizing concepts and strategies for the development and evaluation of self-help behavioral treatment manuals. Reviews programs that have been published or empirically tested for the treatment of phobias, smoking, obesity, sexual dysfunction, assertiveness, child behavior problems, study skills, and physical fitness, as well as…

After offering some critical observations, the author concedes that much of the most valuable work in the theory and the practice of psychotherapy has been done by the behavior therapists. (Author)

Explores major problems involved in the ethical and adequate use of behavior modification procedures in social settings, i.e., selection of the target child, data collection and record keeping, implementation of a behavior change program, and personnel qualifications. Suggested guidelines for addressing the problems are provided. (Author)

Parents Anonymous is a treatment method uniquely suited to solving the problem of child abuse. By banding together, members learn to give and receive nurturing within the group. The anonymous aspect of PA is important to the process of building a trusting relationship within the group. (Author)

The author describes the use of several biofeedback instruments. He discusses the attraction of biofeedback procedures for university counseling centers--focus on self-control of behavior, client preferance, large variety of potential applications and consequent extension of services. Informed consent issues and implications for counselor training…

From a population of 20 children, the treatment group received six sessions of verbal self-instructions via modeling with response-cost contingent upon efforts during training, and controls received similar training without specific treatment. Two self-report measures and teacher and staff ratings of locus of conflict did not show treatment…

Evaluates therapeutic efficacy of Beck's cognitive treatment and Lewinsohn's behavioral treatment of depression. Results indicated the cognitive modification group was the most effective in alleviating depression as measured by self-report and objective clinical ratings. Cognitive modification resulted in significantly fewer depressive symptoms…

Investigated the effects of three counseling interventions on women's body image and self-concept (cognitive therapy, cognitive behavior therapy, and reflective therapy), using Secord and Jourard's Body-Cathexis and Self-Cathexis Scales. All participants improved in body image and self-concept. Cognitive therapy was most effective for body image,…

Examined alcohol expectancies and drinking motives as correlates of alcohol involvement among adolescents at risk for future alcoholism. Expectancies of altered social behavior were associated with low-risk drinking. Expectancies of enhanced cognitive and motor functioning, of tension reduction, of deteriorated cognitive and behavioral…

Three preschool children participated in a behavioral training program to improve their gross-motor skills. Results indicated that the program improved the 10 targeted gross-motor skills and that improvements sometimes generalized to other settings. The program did not produce changes in fine-motor skills or social behaviors. Implications are…

Describes a model for the cross-cultural training of adults. Three learning steps are explained, including (1) values, beliefs, and assumptions of American culture contrasted with those of the host culture; (2) specific communication situations analyzed in terms of formal, prescriptive behaviors; and (3) contact with people and situations of the…

The mental health consequences of having a handicapped brother or sister and factors that may be related to psychological adjustment are discussed. Also explored are the use of parental consultation, behavior modification, and discussion groups as potential intervention strategies with siblings of the handicapped. (Author)

Explored ways elderly people (N=30) manage urinary incontinence. Subjects tended to dismiss their urinary incontinence as a normal part of aging and used various behavioral and psychological strategies to maintain their independence, usually without any assistance from the health professions. Management strategies commonly involved some degree of…

An intermittent reinforcement procedure using tangible reinforcers was successful in maintaining the occurrence of nutritious snack choices by three developmentally normal preschoolers (ages 4-5), behaviors which had initially been established using correspondence training procedures. (JW)