Recently, many studies have been published on the use of eye-tracking to analyse complex problem-solving processes within authentic computer-based learning and training environments. This scoping review aims to provide a systematic report of the current state-of-the-art for related papers. Specifically, this work offers a scoping review of studies…

Background: Many learners struggle to productively self-regulate their learning. To support the learners' self-regulated learning (SRL) and boost their achievement, it is essential to understand the cognitive and metacognitive processes that underlie SRL. To measure these processes, contemporary SRL researchers have largely utilized think aloud or…

Coding think-aloud transcripts is time-consuming and labor-intensive. In this study, we examined the feasibility of predicting students' reasoning activities based on their think-aloud transcripts by leveraging the affordances of text mining and machine learning techniques. We collected the think-aloud data of 34 medical students as they diagnosed…

This study concerns the cognitive process of mathematical problem posing, conceptualized in three stages: understanding the task, constructing the problem, and expressing the problem. We used the eye tracker and think-aloud methods to deeply explore students' behavior in these three stages of problem posing, especially focusing on investigating…

Young adults recalled and dated their five earliest memories, and dates compared with independent parental dates. Participants also provided information about how they derived dates through a "thinking aloud" procedure. All participants were also asked if they had experienced various landmark events when young. One group, the Priming…

Many challenges are identified when students solve mathematic problems especially in solving probability word problems. This study was conducted to identify the major challenges faced by matriculation college students while solving the probability of an event word problem. Seven matriculation college students were the sample for this case study.…

Intelligent tutoring system (ITS) provides learners with step-by-step problem-solving support through scaffolding. Most ITSs have been developed in the USA and incorporate American instructional strategies. How do non-American students perceive and use ITS with different native problem-solving strategies? The present study compares Stoich Tutor,…

Expertise plays a significant role in shaping self-regulated learning (SRL) by influencing how individuals set goals, monitor progress, employ strategies, and reflect on their learning process. However, comprehensive data on this link is sparse in medical contexts. This paper investigates the transitions of SRL phases during clinical-reasoning…

Design processes can be decomposed into several steps, including information acquisition and application. Retrieving prior knowledge and experience is an important method of acquiring design information, thus designers' precedents retrieval styles reflect their design thinking. The obvious difference between industrial (ID) and mechanical design…

Objective: This paper describes several automation tools and software that can be considered during evidence synthesis projects and provides guidance for their integration in the conduct of scoping reviews. Study Design and Setting: The guidance presented in this work is adapted from the results of a scoping review and consultations with the JBI…

Shaping one's own everyday life in the sense of sustainable development (SD) and participating in corresponding social processes call for the ability to make decisions in terms of SD. To promote this ability, this article focuses on the question of how pupils make decisions in the context of SD and which types of decision-making processes (DMP)…

Purpose: Previous research has shown that many speech-language pathologists (SLPs) lack confidence in conducting augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) evaluations. The AAC Clinical Assessment Project team developed a protocol to help guide SLPs to complete AAC assessments for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This article…

The curriculum reform in New South Wales (NSW), Australia, focuses on implementing high-quality, evidence-based instruction, particularly explicit teaching and the gradual release of responsibility. This paper examines the 'quality' of writing instruction in the new curriculum materials for Kindergarten to Year 6 teachers. Our document analysis of…

This paper presents the results of a 2-year longitudinal study aimed at characterizing and comparing the design cognition of high school students with and without formal engineering design experiences. The students--working as dyads--engaged in design-only sessions generating solutions in response to the same engineering design challenges. The…

A central practice in the discipline of organic chemistry is the ability to solve certain fundamental problems, including predicting reactivity, proposing mechanisms, and designing syntheses. These problems are encountered frequently by both students and practitioners, who need to utilize vast amounts of content knowledge in specific ways to…