Administered participant modeling (PM) alone, PM with simultaneous self-instructional training, PM with self-verbalization, or placebo treatment to phobics (N=36) to determine whether cognitive treatment would enhance the effectivenesss of PM. Results showed that the three PM treatments produced equivalent improvement in behavior and the placebo…

An individual free token/response cost system was used to decrease the stuttering of an elementary-level student. Reasons for the effectiveness of this technique may include its provision of immediate feedback, use of visual cues, and simple recordkeeping. (Author/CL)

The present study suggests that parent training alone, or methylphenidate alone, are both sufficient to produce noticeable, clinically significant improvements in behavior of hyperactive children. The research did not show, however, that a combination of treatments is any more effective than either treatment alone. (Author/GC)

The case study demonstrates the use of negative reinforcement for initial response conditioning of a seven-year-old deaf, blind, physically handicapped boy. A systematic procedure for reinforcer sampling failed to identify items for positive reinforcers. A procedure for removal of an aversive stimulus (negative reinforcement) was then successfully…

The current status of research literature relevant to obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is reviewed. Models proposing the etiology and maintenance of OCD, empirically established treatments for OCD, and research supporting cognitive approaches to treatment are also included in the review. Until recently, most of the controlled research…

This article relates systematic causality to applications in behavior theory, counseling practice, and counseling research. The paper was presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, Chicago, 1972. (JC)

This article discusses the differences between nomothetic and ideographic approaches to assessment, suggests that neither model is complete in itself, and presents some principles for making single subject investigations more reliable and valid. (Author)

The primary purpose of this paper is to apply the accountability concept to the field of counseling. (Author)

The purpose of this paper is to examine, from a sociopsychological standpoint, some of the elements which account for the success of behavior therapy and to comment on the meaning of its emergence in modern society. Behavior therapy is seen as an indicator and consequence of major cultural trends. (Author/CG)

Author's view on newer trends in the field which are giving rise to more comprehensive approach to personality theory and change. (Author/CJ)

A young man with a long history of social withdrawal and lack of initiative was treated on behavioristic principles after the therapist had established a highly sympathetic relationship. Graduated tasks were suggested and assertive behavior was modeled and gently instigated. Within 6 weeks increase in motivation and level of activity was achieved.…

Sequential treatment involving systematic desensitization and relaxation, symbolic (film), live, and participant modeling were employed in the successful alleviation of a severe snake phobia. Implications are discussed regarding the utility of programs attuned to the needs of individual patients. (Author)