A study examined the effectiveness of an immersion-in-literacy program in a first-grade classroom. Six of the 22 students (all six were boys) indicated on a reading attitude survey that they did not like to read books. The classroom teacher set up her classroom so that it fostered literacy development. Some of the experiences and activities she…

Concern at an elementary school that the level of successful first grade readiness for high risk kindergarten children was 62 percent, while the level of success for non-risk kindergartners was 100 percent, prompted a program for improving the readiness skills of high-risk kindergarten students described in this report. Chapter one describes Stout…

This pamphlet is the sixth in a series of ten stemming from the view that language is central to learning, that teachers can gain insights into their work and into learning by examining the language of the classroom, and that current language theory can be the means to such insights. The pamphlet outlines a students-helping-students program for…

This article addresses the problem of achieving a successful program of individualized learning. Two major points are raised. First, the teacher should realize the importance of diagnosing and understanding the different learning style of each pupil. Some children learn more readily by reading, others by hearing. Some learn faster when they can be…

The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of a tutoring program and a traditional program in improving achievement, as well as interest, for students registered in low-achiever English classes in reading comprehension, language usage skills, and spelling. Thirty-two seniors tutored 32 freshmen in high schools in Gresham, Oregon. A…

The Southwest Regional Laboratory for Educational Research and Development developed an exportable tutorial program whereby school personnel can train older students or adult nonprofessionals to tutor kindergarten children in reading. The initial program was tried out in a middle-income suburban district near Los Angeles. Nine kindergarten…

The Youth Tutoring Youth program, funded under Title I of the 1965 Elementary Secondary Education Act, was directed toward attitude and ability change of underachieving high school and elementary school pupils. It also attempted to effect a change in basic language study skills of these students by using the Youth Tutoring Youth (YTY) model which…

The cost effectiveness of four approaches to improving mathematics and reading performance of elementary school children is compared. Peer tutoring is found to be more cost-effective than computer-assisted instruction, and both are more cost-effective than reducing class size or increasing the length of the school day. (Author/JAZ)

Four low-achieving fifth-grade African-American males with behavioral disorders tutored sight words to four low-achieving second-grade African-American males with behavioral disorders. The tutoring appeared to have positive effects on sight word vocabulary and positive social interactions for both tutors and tutees but not on self-perceptions of…

Describes a cooperative cross-grade project in which third and eighth grade children share and discuss picture books. Relates how friendships between older and younger students formed as they talked about books, recorded their ideas and reactions in response journals, and worked cooperatively to create extension projects. (SR)

Describes a cross-age tutoring program that provides benefits to both the university student athletes who serve as tutors and the elementary school students with whom they work. Gives reasons for the success of the program, as well as evidence of the success. (MG)

Describes the implementation and evaluation of a cross-age tutoring program in which 21 struggling seventh-grade readers tutored third-graders, based on strategies and preparation they learned in their own Strategic Reading class. Notes that reading skills and enjoyment of these seventh-grade students were significantly expanded. Discusses factors…

Presents the theories of Vygotsky and Bandura that provide the foundation for research on cross-age learning in multiple-age groupings. Discusses the cognitive, social, and emotional benefits children derive from mixed-age groupings. Outlines social learning contexts, such as learning centers and projects, and structural contexts, such as multiage…

Teaching thinking skills has been characterised by the teacher-directed "embedded", "infusion" and "bolt-on" approaches, for which outcomes have been mixed. Peer tutoring in thinking skills offers a fourth way of wide applicability. This study evaluated such a method (Paired Thinking) in a high school setting. A…

Affective and behavioural indicators of the effects of schooling, and of other interventions, might be more important than cognitive indicators, particularly in the long run and considering the urgent need for civil societies. Examples are provided of the statistical properties of affective and behavioural indicators, and of their current use in…