The study compared living conditions (e.g., place of residence, daily occupations, attendance at evening classes, recreational activities, and social contacts) of 43 probands with Down Syndrome and 55 control subjects of similar chronological age (mean age 17 years) living in Denmark. (Author/DB)

Examination of 69 men and women revealed that individuals employed in supervisory leadership positions were more androgynous and obtained more internal locus of control scores than those in nonsupervisory positions. Sex differences were noted. Implications are discussed. (Author/BJV)

Examines the characteristics of landed immigrants (permanent settlers) from Asia, and explores their settlement, adaptation, and integration experience in Canada. It suggests that access to Canadian land does not always translate into equal opportunity in the economy and society, but notes that Canada may be more successful at assimilating Asian…

Examines the assimilation hypothesis for young adult first- and second-generation immigrants in Australia. It studies the relative economic performance of immigrants as reflected by their unemployment duration and the number of spells of unemployment over a four-year period as indicators of personal performance and labor market conditions. Results…

This study of employment outcomes of 869 Illinois supported employees, primarily with mental retardation or mental illness, found that minority-status employees were younger, had higher intelligence quotients, and earned more wages per month than did nonminority supported employees. Few differences among minority subgroups (African American,…

This study of 36 adults with visual impairments found that self-esteem was related to 3 self-report measures of skills: dependence on others, difficulty with daily living skills, and motivation to learn. Relationships were found between educational level and self-esteem, educational level and the three measures of skills, and employment status and…

Economic data comparing apprenticeship to full-time vocational education and to the youth labor market suggests that, in advanced economies, apprenticeship is a source of more stable employment for young male adults. Its value for females is low in some countries. (SK)

Analysis of data from the National Survey of Families and Households suggests that parents' job characteristics, indicative of the primary- and secondary-sector labor market division, influence levels of parental supervision of children and children's feelings of attachment and efficacy, educational aspirations, and grade point average, all of…

This study compared two groups of school dropouts: 35 youth with, and 60 youth without, learning disabilities. The two groups were comparable on most measures of family background, school experiences, and postschool outcomes. Some differences were found in family intactness, current job titles, and future ambitions. (DB)

Uses data from a nationally representative longitudinal sample to examine the relationship of marijuana use by high school seniors to occupational attainment ten years later. Analyses were conducted separately by gender, with and without controlling for other variables. Results indicate that the influence of marijuana use on occupational…

While concern has been expressed for some time about the impact of rising female employment on informal help to older adults, few studies have directly compared employed and not-employed women and only rarely has research utilized national, population-based samples. This article examines whether paid employment reduces the provision and/or the…

The study examines the relationship between social inequalities (stratificational, gender and other disparities) and schooling, including academic attainment, longitudinally, in Slovenia. The issue is indicated most clearly at the tertiary education level. The basic finding is the parallel between educational expansion and the diminution of social…

Participating in a research activity by volunteering in a research study or by writing a short research paper as part of a course requirement relates to favorable perceptions of psychology and research, greater knowledge of procedures associated with participation, and other demographic and situational variables. College students who volunteered…

This study reports results from interviews with 157 research participants who were interviewed 3 years after randomization into treatment and control conditions in the evaluation of the Baltimore City Drug Treatment Court. The interviews asked about crime, substance use, welfare, employment, education, mental and physical health, and family and…

The present study examined a longitudinal model of state and trait negative affect as predictors of job-search success. Job-search self-efficacy and job-search intensity were also examined as mediators of the negative affect--job-search success relation. Overall the model offered mixed support for Kasl's (1982) Reverse Causation Hypothesis.…