Reports a study of alternative theories of sex discrimination which imply ambiguous predictions about the relation between the male/female earnings ratio and the status and sex composition of the occupation. Notes that about one-half of the earnings gap between the sexes can be attributed to direct discrimination in the labor market, with…

Structural changes in international economy may give rise to a reemergence of full employment programs. Such initiatives must address the special problem of minority unemployment and must develop new approaches to avoid the difficulties experienced by such programs in the 1970s. Quality work for decent, secure wages must be assured. (VM)

Improved economic trends have assured jobs for all. They may be low-paying, but this does not cause poverty. Many persons want "good" jobs for which they are not qualified. Welfare dependence stems from the reluctance of adults to work at menial jobs. To be decided is whether the government is obligated to provide good jobs. (VM)

Reports the results of a survey of 203 academic libraries that examined the employment status, utilization, and compensation of part-time librarians as compared to full-time staff. The effects of union membership, administrative satisfaction with this class of workers, and perceived problems with part-time staff are discussed. (CLB)

The potential impact of the new nondiscrimination requirements of the Tax Reform Act of 1986 in faculty pension plans is devastating for faculty. The faculty's pension program's ability to survive in a form that serves the mutual interests of both faculty and institution is now in question. (MLW)

The arguments in favor of preferential treatment for some groups are faulty. An examination of these arguments is included. Although victims of discrimination should be helped, programs should promote race-, gender- or ethnically conscious hiring. Affirmative action has led to a increase in bureaucratically-caused discrimination. (PS)

The authors examine the effects of Comprehensive Employment and Training Act (CETA) program participation on post-program earnings. Results show that CETA participation had a significant negative effect on men's earnings and hours worked per week. However, the same experience had a positive effect on women's earnings and hours worked. (Author/CH)

An evaluation of the effects on employment of a new type of secondary school in Colombia offering prevocational subjects alongside the traditional curriculum is based on a follow-up survey of about 1,800 graduates three years after leaving school. Earnings differences between the two types of schools are slight. (Author/MLF)

Data from the 1976 Survey of Income and Education indicate that: (1) the variable of years since immigration does not affect employment rate or annual hours worked of male Hispanic immigrants; (2) the labor supply of immigrants exceeds that of nonimmigrants; and (3) the immigration experience probably leads to the high Hispanic labor supply. (CJM)

The National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) published the first edition of "Youth Indicators" in 1988, which contained statistics to describe the circumstances of young people's lives both in school and beyond the schoolhouse. This current report is the fifth edition in this series. "Youth Indicators" is a statistical compilation of data…

GAO prepared this report under the Comptroller General's authority as part of an effort to assist policy makers in determining how federal disability programs could more effectively meet the needs of individuals with disabilities and addressed it to each committee of jurisdiction. In this report, GAO assesses: (1) the extent to which state…

There has been a growing concern in both the law enforcement and public health arenas about the increase in the use of pharmaceutical drugs for nonmedical use, especially among young adults. The National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) asks persons aged 12 or older questions related to their nonmedical use of prescription-type drugs,…

Over the past 5 years, the percentage of credit teaching in the California Community Colleges (CCC) system conducted by part-time faculty has grown from 40 to 47 percent. In fall 1999, two-thirds of teaching faculty were classified as part-time. Part-time faculty do not generally receive medical or retirement benefits and are paid significantly…

The General Accounting Office (GAO) reviewed reports published by seven states (Indiana, Maryland, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Washington, and Wisconsin) regarding the status of their families who have left welfare. The families discussed in the reports were estimated to account for approximately 8 percent of the number of families to…

Among Negroes living in metropolitan areas outside the South in 1960, those born in the South had higher incomes and less unemployment than those born in the North. (Author/MF)