This paper first briefly reviews the worldwide development of the size of the university sector, its research merits and authorities' use of incentive systems for its academic staff. Then, the paper develops a static model of a researcher's behaviour, aiming to discuss how different salary reward schemes and teaching obligations influence his or…

Past research has evaluated how preservice teachers, high school students, and introductory college students conceptualize geologic or deep time. The ability to think on geologic timescales is regarded as an important skill in the study of geology, yet little work has specifically addressed how student understanding of this concept evolves during…

This paper studies leisure-time center staff (L-tCS) leadership based on the concepts of leadership perspective and leadership style. The purpose is to understand how L-tCS describe their work in terms of leadership in the didactic room by answering the following open-ended question in an online survey: How would you describe your leadership in…

This paper aimed to investigate the transformational leadership behavior of high school students according to leisure preferences and participation type. 226 high school students attending Bursa Atatürk High School participated in the study voluntarily. In the study, to collect data transformational and transactional leadership scale developed by…

Experimental work has shown that spatial experiences influence spatiotemporal metaphor use. In these studies, participants are asked a question that yields different responses depending on the metaphor participants use. It has been claimed that English speakers are equally likely to respond with either variant in the absence of priming. Related…

Einstein's two theories of relativity were introduced over 100 years ago. High school science students are seldom exposed to these revolutionary ideas as they are often perceived to be too difficult conceptually and mathematically. This paper brings together the two theories of relativity in a way that is logical and consistent and enables the…

This multi-institutional study examined the giving patterns of alumni of online degree programs as compared to alumni of campus-based degree programs. Similarities and differences were statistically examined relative to the act of giving as well as the amount given to the respective institution by alumni within three years of the most recent…

Internationally, first-year student experience surveys suggest that modern students are investing increasingly less time in their study at university, raising concerns about the impact this may have on their success. This paper describes a case study exploring student workload at a New Zealand university interested in understanding how student…

The purpose of this study is to determine some correlations of academic procrastination, as well as to examine gender differences in this hypothetical construct important to the learning environment (in our case, in a Turkish EFL context). A total of 213 participants (120 females and 93 males), recruited from Mugla Sitki Koçman University,…

Ainsworth et al.'s paper "Sources of Bias in Outcome Assessment in Randomised Controlled Trials: A Case Study" examines alternative accounts for a large difference in effect size between 2 outcomes in the same intervention evaluation. It argues that the probable explanation relates to masking: Only one outcome measure was administered by…

The purpose of this research was to examine the relationship among the general, academic procrastination behavior of music teacher candidates, attitudes of test anxieties in terms of gender, grade levels and weekly study hours. The study was designed as relational correlational survey method. The sample of the study consisted of totally 73 teacher…

Difficulties with planning, such as negotiating task understandings and goals, can have a profound effect on regulation and task performance when students work collaboratively (Miller and Hadwin, "Computers in Human Behaviour", 52, 573-588, 2015a). Despite planning being a common challenge, teams often fail to identify strategies for…

This article discusses five strategies that have been frequently taught to teachers, but less frequently implemented by teachers, and that impact student learning, namely: teaching skills in games contexts, using small-sided games, starting lessons immediately, teaching beyond the standards, and teaching skills and games in an incremental manner.…

The purpose of the present study was to examine the factorial and convergent validity of the German translation of the Exercise Identity Scale (EIS; Anderson & Cychosz, 1994). We introduce a bifactor model as a possible alternative to the previously discussed one- and two-factor models. Using an online study with 530 participants, our results…

Although choice of task has been effective in reducing noncompliance, it may provide an opportunity to escape from less-preferred tasks. We used a reversal design to evaluate the effects of choice of a low-preference task sequence on noncompliance, task engagement, and duration to complete activities across two individuals with autism spectrum…