Recent comprehensive analyses such as those by Harnishfeger and Wiley (1975) and Zajonc (1976) indicate the existence of a national and international downward trend in achievement and intelligence test scores. An analysis of the achievement and intelligence test scores in a small, upper middle class, New Jersey elementary school district showed an…

The problem under investigation was to determine the differential effects of three types of treatment on students' test-taking skills. The study also investigated whether test-taking instruction would result in significant mean test score gains on a standardized reading test for white and black, high and low socioeconomic status (SES) third-grade…

This study examined the construct validity of the subtests in the California Entry Level Test (ELT). The ELT is administered to every first grade pupil in California as part of the California Assessment Program and is used as a baseline measure of the prereading skills of beginning first graders. The discriminant validity of the subtests was…

A sizable representative subsample of the standardization group for the Metropolitan Achievement Tests participated in both the Fall and Spring standardization programs. Fall and Spring test records were matched for all such pupils and Fall-Spring "growth expectancies" were derived. Additionally, the sample was split into three subgroups…

During the past few years the problem of bias in testing has become an increasingly important issue. In most research, bias refers to the fair use of tests and has thus been defined in terms of an outside criterion measure of the performance being predicted by the test. Recently however, there has been growing interest in assessing bias when such…

This evaluation report summarizes data collected from pupil questionnaires, teacher questionniares, and parent interviews on the success of a recently implemented elementary school reorganization plan designed to enhance academic achievement. Five evaluation instruments were developed as a collaborative effort of teachers, parents, evaluators, and…

This research review discusses the use of traditional psychometric devices to predict an individual's academic performance, and to determine his admittance into a particular curriculum, particularly in today's open-door, comprehensive, community-junior college. To begin with, most reported uses of the typical achievement or aptitude test appear to…

This study evaluated interrelationships among the scores of 51 high school seniors on the Remote Associates Test (RAT), verbal subtests of the Torrance Tests, the Alpha Biographical Inventory (ABI), and IQ. For all subjects, RAT scores, IQ, and the ABI Academic Success score comprised an interrelated "intelligence cluster." With males, none of the…

This instrument assesses readiness for school in preschool disadvantaged children. Two forms, A and B, are available and it is recommended that one be used as a diagnostic pretest and the other as a progress measure. The test is an individually administered, non-verbal, untimed, but paced instrument. The child responds to questions, given in…

In an attempt to improve students' written expression, this study tested two assumptions: (1) that if students were led through a series of oral language experiences to a realization of the relationships between oral and written sentence structures which they were encouraged to practice, they would write a variety of sentence structures; and (2)…

This paper criticizes the Coleman Report for not measuring how much extra learning took place as a result of favorable changes in school inputs. Other limitations were that the range of school inputs were confined to those present in the schools surveyed and that no indication was given as to whether the educational investment was worthwhile. It…

The Pennsylvania Nonpublic Elementary and Secondary Education Act, signed into law in June 1968, made Pennsylvania the first State legally powered to give direct public aid to nonpublic schools. Such schools contain about one-fourth of the State's elementary and secondary school enrollment. Aid is restricted to teachers' salaries and to textbooks…

A technique is described which uses the standardized tests to evaluate an Individually Guided Education Curriculum (IGE). A technique was devised so that an evaluation of each test question could be made. The teaching staff at Port Edwards, Wisconsin, where this study was conducted, was asked to rate questions for relevancy to the IGE curriculum…

This book is based on the premise that learning can best be facilitated when the teacher takes a diagnostic view of the instructional process. To further this end, each chapter contains materials, models, and techniques designed to implement diagnostic teaching in the language arts program. The seven chapters are "Foundations for Diagnostic…

The purpose of this paper is to argue that the measurement of child outcomes is the major stumbling block in estimating the extent to which equality of opportunity exists for children in our nation's schools. This paper has three parts. The introduction discusses the concept of equal educational opportunity, as defined and then redefined over the…