A case study of the first 10 years of the University of Papua New Guinea is presented, with attention focused on the function, structure, and character of a new university in a newly independent nation. The analysis is based on the three issues of adaptation, conflict, and change, and the case study is designed to test how well past social…

As more and more women return to the work force while their children are but infants, care other than by the mothers and outside the families' own homes has become an issue of major importance in the United States. In Europe, however, most governments subsidize infant care for mothers working outside the home. One country, Italy, has provided…

Reactions to college and university retrenchment (a significant decline in financial resources that results in a reduction in permanent staff and/or elimination of existing programs) and political influences are considered. Responses to retrenchment may include the following: protective reactions by individual faculty members and reduced…

The history of institutional accreditation and the standards of the National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education (NCATE) are discussed. The societal and related economic and political reasons for the evolution of accreditation in its present form are addressed, since accreditation is related to prestige, political influences, consumer…

To examine aspects of the political/economic/social/cultural environments (PESCE) affecting international public relations and their significance to the future of public relations practitioners, this paper reviews the 1980s literature regarding the current and projected trends in international public relations practice and their implications for…

A simple symbolic politics model of public opinion is contrasted with a modified version that invokes cognitive organization and affective responses. Evidence is presented from a survey of 314 respondents from the 1982 National Election Study. Responses were obtained to symbols of political equality at different levels of abstraction (general,…

In its most simple form, competency means that the student must demonstrate that he knows certain things and that he can do certain things before being passed on to the next level of schooling. In its most politically potent form, competency means that school personnel are judged by how well pupils acquire minimum school skills. In this paper the…

The present study focused on possible linkages between (1) the global characteristics of Kansas with individual characteristics, voting behavior, and attitudes of the Kansas state senators; (2) the personal and attitudinal characteristics of senators with various educational policy outcomes; and (3) the structural features of the senatorial…

This paper applies the Eulau and Karps framework for explaining the responsiveness of legislative bodies to public school boards. Eulau and Karps argue that responsiveness deals with a complex, multidimensional set of transactional relationships that can be analytically divided into four components. A high level of responsiveness in one component…

This collection of 12 papers examines various aspects of public employee collective bargaining and unionization. Public employee unions in the United States have caused growing concern since the mid-1960s when wages in the public sector began to rise more rapidly than those of private employees. Public employee strikes became significant for the…

Legislative and professional medical committee developments in graduate medical education needs and directions are reviewed in this background paper. The Graduate Medical Education National Advisory Committee (GMENAC) represents a critical nonregulatory step in the establishment of goals for the training and differentiation of physician manpower.…

Chicanos have won many legal battles which have resulted in school desegregation and the establishment of bilingual education programs. Although desegregation and bilingual programs are each expected to equalize educational opportunities, the two approaches differ on how children are grouped and managed. Desegregation aims to integrate groups,…

The decline of public confidence in Washington, D.C. public schools emerged between 1954 and 1967 from political and social developments that affected the nation's capital. Past research and educational reports, newspaper articles, and politicians' statements indicate that before 1954, public confidence in the schools was relatively high.…

Using Belize, Central America, as an example, this paper illustrates some of the changing patterns of cultural imperialism that can presently be viewed in the emerging nations of the world. Cultural imperialism is defined as the process whereby the culture of a weaker nation is dominated by that of a stronger nation. In September 1981, Belize,…

Recent Canadian English language literature on the history and philosophy of higher education in Canada is reviewed to assess the prospects for survival for Canadian universities. Additionally, suggestions for revitalizing higher learning in Canada are offered. Among the topics that are addressed are the following: McMaster University and the…