This second part of a three-part article explores the development of political attitudes and political socialization in middle-class children. (EH)

This paper was written in anticipation of the International Conference on Indochinese Refugees (ICIR), held in June 1989 in Geneva (Switzerland). The ICIR was convened to respond to chronic refugee problems in the region, first addressed in the July 1979 Meeting in Geneva on the Situation of Refugees and Displaced Persons in Southeast Asia. It is…

Contrary to the prevailing view that 1952 was the year of the first nationally televised political conventions, only 32 states had TV stations at that time; nor did the term "TV candidate" originate in the Kennedy (1960) or Nixon (1968) campaigns. In fact, it is Dwight Eisenhower and the campaign of 1956 that deserve this recognition.…

Expectancy effects--the unconscious shaping of receiver behavior by signalling sender expectations--while recognized in science, have not been documented extensively from a communication perspective, nor are nonverbal aspects of expectancy effects fully known. Expectancy is a function of three elements, the sender's predisposition (including…

For an exploration of the components and sources of disputatiousness, Canadian education administrators identified 181 legislators and school board members in 5 regions (British Columbia, Quebec, Prairie provinces, Atlantic provinces, and Ontario) who provided data in interviews. Two coders' judgments of interview transcripts subjected to factor…

A national language is useful as one means of creating social cohesion at the level of the whole country. It is also a symbol of national identity and of a nation's distinction from other countries. Probably no nation will ever be fully satisfied with a language that is a national language in the symbolic sense only, but the symbolic function of a…

H. A. Chadwick bought one-half interest in the Seattle "Argus" in 1894 and through this newspaper expressed the sentiments of the progressive movement of his time, a combination of reform-oriented and conservative forces. The newspaper was only six weeks old and deep in debt when Chadwick took over the editorial duties and he quickly…

In an attempt to explore the press's power to influence its readers and viewers, a study replicated other agenda-setting research using content analysis of the media and a telephone survey of residents of Defiance, Ohio. Subjects, 364 residents (representing a 45% response rate), were asked to grade the mayor on the best and worst things he had…

Spanish American political and economic development has historically diverged from the other Western geographic areas. The economic systems of these nations have been characterized as dependent, and their political systems have reflected instability, authoritarian rule, and fraudulent democracy. In Peru, industrial progress began in the late 19th…

The Know-Nothing party of the 1850s was the first nativist party in American politics to gain importance and serves as an exemplar of how cultural nativism may be captured and turned toward political goals. The resurgence of nativist sentiment in the Know-Nothing era provides an excellent example of a rhetorical situation which seriously…

This paper discusses the relationship between national identity and the so-called "marginal" areas of Irish television, i.e., advertisements, continuity announcements, and promotional trailers. The following issues are considered: (1) how these "spaces" between television programs compare in terms of use and influence to…

Like most colonial American leaders, John Dickinson considered himself an Englishman with all the ancient rights and privileges such citizenship conferred, and when those rights were abridged by the British Parliament and George III, he was among the first to don a uniform to defend the new nation. This booklet on Dickinson is one in a series on…

Richard Bassett's experiences as a politician and soldier during the Revolutionary War broadened his political horizons for the War had demonstrated to him the need for greater regional and national cooperation if the political and economic promises of independence for the United States were to be realized. This booklet on Bassett is one in a…

Interviews were conducted with adolescents (age 10-18) and with one parent of each to determine whether differences between parents and their adolescent children on political information and news media use had any impact at all on the amount of discussion about politics that goes on between them. The period during which the data were collected was…

The motivation for monitoring public affairs and for taking part responsibly in the civic process depends on a person's "civic identity," defined as a sense of kinship with and responsibility toward others in the community. Currently civic education is the province of social studies teachers, but English and language arts teachers could…