Examines the theory of William Gamson's "Strategy of Social Protest." Reviews criticism of the work and Gamson's response. Reports the results of a study variously analyzing data according to concerns of Gamson's critics. Suggests that displacement and group factionalism are the major predictors of protest group success. (DK)

The European Community must develop policies regarding a number of challenges: free circulation of people across borders, disadvantaged regions, economic restructuring, access to vocational education, and cooperation with Eastern Europe. (SK)

In extremely repressive situations, Freire's liberation pedagogy can support resistance; in postrevolutionary societies, it can suffer from contradictions. The perpetual tension between domestication (indoctrination) and liberation makes transformative education an ongoing process. (SK)

In 1987, major reform of New Zealand education at all levels was initiated. Several major reports have analyzed the need for change suggesting more dramatic changes are inevitable but are more likely to come from future economic and social changes than from government initiative. (MSE)

Praises Harold Silver's book "Education, Change, and the Policy Process" for its complex, thoughtful essays justifying the use of history to make informed educational policy. Questions Silver's strong focus on top policymakers and his failure to acknowledge policymakers' usual reliance on intuition and ordinary knowledge, not scholarly studies.…

Discusses several weak spots in critical communication research. Argues that critical communication scholars should privilege journalism, engage in activism, and incorporate capitalism into the heart of their calculations. (SR)

Since the "velvet revolution," different educational trends have arisen in Czech and Slovak republics. Slovakia has retained some centralization and state subsidies whereas, in the Czech Republic, education is more open to market forces. (SK)

The culture wars (fueled by Bloom, Hirsch, and others) and antiintellectualism have made universities vulnerable to political intervention. Academics must become more vigorous in defense of academic values, freedom, and integrity. (SK)

Two literacy initiatives (immigrant education in the early 1900s and citizenship schools at Highlander, 1953-61) suggest a core strategy for accommodating cultural pluralism in adult literacy: considering the distinct sociocultural and political dynamics that affect the educational environment for excluded groups. (SK)

Applies the concept of indigenous rights to language preservation through exploration of other European language debates in the western hemisphere, and provides general background on the ways in which Native-American languages have been suppressed and devalued. The experiences of the Kuna nation of Panama in reintroducing their native language are…

Clarifies the concept of globalization and explores how globalization affects national education systems. Compares eight mechanisms of external effects (borrowing, learning, teaching, harmonization, dissemination, standardization, interdependence, and imposition) and organizations associated with them. Effects have been largely indirect, the…

Explores the high demand for higher education in South Korea and attributes this phenomenon to a loss of flexibility in the management of "developmental policies" by the South Korean government. Suggests that a "personalist ethic" prevails in education and government in South Korea. (SLD)

Explores the extent and patterning of drug use among young people in Northern Ireland, linking them to the major cease fires. Examines media and professional perceptions alongside evidence constructed from multiple indicators of drug use. Results suggest that most drug use has not increased since the cease fires, with the exception of the heroin…

Explores the primary characteristics and issues in the development of school-based standard testing, reviews the typical lack of qualification for political accountability programs, and suggests remedies to address major problems. Problems in the evolution of current techniques have resulted in a general skepticism toward new approaches of…

Describes the process of transforming the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences and Arts into a national research center. Discusses the political and legal aspects of its transformation. Contains 17 references. (DDR)