The experiment was designed to see whether children differ from adults in the ability to understand nonverbal responses of other children. Ten third-grade children were secretly filmed while watching a very easy and a very hard math lesson. Third graders, sixth graders, and adults (college students) were asked to judge, based on a film of each…

Current research in 23 areas of behavioral science conducted by Swedish investigators and institutions is reported and summarized. Each report includes the project's author or institution, title, reference, key words, and abstract, along with the date of publication, number of pages, language used, and whether the report is final or interim.…

This study was designed to answer two major questions: (1) whether or not operant conditioning procedures supplemented by treatments drawn from other areas of experimental psychology could produce changes in counselor interviewing behavior, and (2) how much change resulted from response specific reinforcement and how much from other factors. Three…

A study was made of three disadvantaged youth training projects to determine the degree to which guidelines from behavioral technology and educational studies were being used in the programs. From a review of behavioral science and learning research evolved a model which explicated the functions which should be implemented in an operational…

The author conceives of the human emotional system as being composed of three functions of motivational stimuli: (a) the attitudinal or emotional, (b) the reinforcing, and (c) the discriminative controlling function which the stimuli acquire. He defines and describes each of these functions and their effect on integrated learning principles. He…

The Kvaraceus Delinquency Proneness Scale (KD Scale) was developed as an instrument designed to aid in prediction of future juvenile delinquents. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the predictive validity of the instrument over a 5-year period. Indexes of delinquency adjustment and academic achievement served as the validational…

The authors describe a program of research in the application of scalogram analysis to the validation of learning hierarchies, together with the development of an alternative method for assessing hierarchical relationships among tests of instructional objectives. The relationship between scalability of tests and positive transfer between…

This series of papers was presented in a symposium on behavior therapy. Each paper represents a separate study focusing on one aspect of behavior modification. The issue of reinforcement is prominant with regard to its type and source. Methods of self-reinforcement and older-peer modeling are studied. The suggestion that subjects who reinforce…

The author proposes a framework for the study of behavior and personality that takes into account phylogeny (development of genetically related groups of organisms) as well as ontogeny (course of development of an individual organism). The adaptive function of behavior is stressed. The author states that individual personality is a unique…

Two experiments were designed to test Kukla's cognitive theory of task performance, based on intended effort. Experiment I was designed to determine if success feedback leads to an overall increase in performance level and differential asymptotic performance for those high and low in achievement motivation. Experiment 2 was aimed at determining if…

This document contains a literature review and a discussion of issues concerned with the locus of control dimension in psychological experimentation over the past 15 years. Locus of control research is traced from the early laboratory experiments which demonstrated that instructions and perceptions about skill and chance could dramatically affect…

This study investigated experimentally some of Piaget's hypotheses on the causes of moral judgemental change. The measure of moral judgement chosen was a child's standard of evaluating moral responsibility, on an objective (choice based on consequences) - subjective (choice based on intentions) dimension. Subjects were 72 first and second graders…

Design criteria and an implementation plan are specified for a Behavioral Science Programming Language (BSPL) to be used for programing experiments on a computer-driven, high-performance aircraft simulator. The language requirements were in large part determined by the nature of the existing facility on the one hand and the types of experiments…

In investigating emotional phenomena in humans, overt-behavioral, self-report, and physiological responses all often seem to be appropriate measures. However, experience has shown that these different kinds of response often do not vary together. It may be that these measures disagree because they are related to different underlying variables. To…

It is argued that many investigators utilize the Tucker and Messick (1963) Model with no intention of looking for individual differences or, after utilizing the model, draw improper inferences. An example is given illustrating the difficulties which result from improper use of the model. Several proper methods are outlined. (Author)