In general Achievement Test scores appeared to be more valid predictors of grades in English and Mathematics courses than were scores on a scholastic aptitude or general intelligence test. (Authors)

Evaluation, learning and instruction are complex and inter-related processes. A sound philosophy and methodology of evaluation demands that evaluation be considered in context. (Author)

A study of conservation of length concepts covering the symmetric, asymmetric, reflexive, nonreflexive, and transitive relations. Their order of development was traced during the course of a 15-lesson sequence of related instruction. (MM)

Studies of the ability of elderly debilitated patients to respond to conceptual training and their differential response to different kinds of conceptual shifts. (Authors/MB)

Much of the content was presented at the TESOL Convention, New Orleans, Louisiana, March 1971, and is derived from the author's dissertation Experimental Steps to Ascertain Reliability of Diagnostic Tests in English as a Second Language" (Columbia University). (VM)

When determining criterion-referenced test length, problems of guessing are shown to be more serious than expected. A new method of scoring is presented that corrects for guessing without assuming that guessing is random. Empirical investigations of the procedure are examined. Test length can be substantially reduced. (Author/CM)

CREST (an evaluation model for social services training) was developed to assess short-term training for social service workers. The model is based on a criterion-referenced, competency-based concept of evaluation. The rationale for the model, procedures, and the computerized system used to manage trainee data are described. (Author/LC)

Three item selection methods for criterion-referenced tests are examined: the classical theory of item difficulty and item-test correlation; the latent trait theory of item characteristic curves; and a decision-theoretic approach for optimal item selection. Item contribution to the standardized expected utility of mastery testing is discussed. (CM)

Mastery learning strategies and criterion referenced measurement tools perform a selective function in the classroom. The selective approach within the philosophical role of schools is discussed in terms of limited educational employment, competition, talent distribution, and the suggested attributes of good testing. (CM)

Identifies and describes six differences between formative and summative evaluation in career education. Formative evaluation involves more coordination, more stress, special observation and teaching skills, criterion-referenced measures, learner safeguards, and choosing priorities among objectives. (SK)

A combination of self-directed learning and teacher-directed learning provides a rich and flexible learning experience and accommodates various teaching styles. The key to a successful mixture is the appropriate use of criterion-referencing and normative-referencing for learner evaluation. (JOW)

Using criterion-referenced test item data collected in an empirical study, differences in item selection between Cox and Vargas' pretest-posttest validity index and a latent trait approach (evaluation of the item information function for the mastery score) are analyzed. (Author/GK)

Traces the history of military efforts to systematize the design, development, installation, and operational training for a weapons system and discusses the current status of criterion referenced instruction in Army training programs. Steps being taken to remedy identified problems are described. (MER)

Focuses on the methods of establishing and maintaining content validity of criterion-referenced multiple-choice tests through refined item writing techniques. (Author)