This study developed a hybrid of item response theory (IRT) models and latent class models, which combined the strengths of each type of model. The primary motivation for developing the new model is to describe characteristics of examinees' knowledge at the time of the examination. Hence, the application of the model lies mainly in so-called…

This paper examines the cognitive structures and processes that mediate mathematical and scientific ability. Ability is divided into achieved abilities and precursor abilities. Identified concepts in the area of achieved ability include expertise, understanding, and problem-solving. Other abilities can be seen as precursors to such achieved…

Work supported by a grant from the Children's Bureau, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare.

The paper reports on a 1 year followup study to establish the short term predictive validity of an early identification system used in London, Ontario (Canada) for kindergarten and first grade high risk students. Ratings of the students by the evaluation teams in January were compared with the students' actual placements as of the following…

MODERATELY GIFTED AND HIGHLY GIFTED CHILDREN WERE STUDIED TO DETERMINE DIFFERENCES IN EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT, ADJUSTMENT, PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT, AND FAMILY BACKGROUND. SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGY INTERNS NOMINATED POTENTIALLY CAPABLE PUPILS FROM GRADES THREE TO SIX. FROM THESE, 65 MATCHED PAIRS OF MODERATELY GIFTED (IQ SCORES OF 120 TO 130) AND HIGHLY…

A COMMISSION WAS SET UP BY THE STATE LEGISLATURE TO IDENTIFY GIFTED STUDENTS AND TO CONDUCT RESEARCH TO FIND THE BEST METHODS FOR TEACHING THEM. PILOT CENTERS IDENTIFIED THE GIFTED THROUGH TESTS AND RATINGS AND DEMONSTRATED TEACHING PROCEDURES AS LISTED IN THE SURVEY RESULTS. THESE SCHOOLS WERE SURVEYED IN 1960 TO DETERMINE WHAT PROGRAMS WERE…

INDUSTRIAL ARTS, IN THE CURRICULUM OF THE MODERN HIGH SCHOOL, SHOULD TEACH THE PRINCIPLES, TECHNIQUES, AND APPRECIATION OF SELECTED TRADES AND CRAFTS AS THEY ARE ENCOUNTERED IN OUR PRESENT INDUSTRIAL SOCIETY. SOME OF THE GOALS OF THE SHOP MANUAL ARE TO ALLOW THE STUDENT TO EVALUATE HIS TECHNICAL ABILITY, TO APPLY SCIENTIFIC PRINCIPLES TO…

Results of two studies investigating children's abilities to use different kinds of cues to infer another's affective state are reported in this paper. In the first study, 48 children (3, 4, and 6 to 7 years of age) were given three different kinds of tasks (interpersonal task, facial recognition task, and vocal recognition task). A cross-age…

Twenty-one cognitive abilities, ease with which the speaker is lipread, structure of the language lipread, age and education of the lipreader and sex were hypothesized as being important in lipreading. Three factor analyses were conducted of lipreading variables and cognitive abilities in order to verify or refute the hypotheses. The influence of…

Studied were the variables in the selection process of students screened for participation in Project APEX. This project was designed to identify disadvantaged students with potential for college success who are enrolled in the noncollege preparatory general diploma high school program. Subjects were 148 male students in two New York City schools…

The purpose of this study was the construction of a theoretical model for analyzing mathematical problem solving. A list of general problem-solving abilities was generated through a literature search. This list was narrowed to eight basic abilities pertinent to mathematics problem solving. Each of these was operationally defined and exemplified in…

This paper presents three studies dealing with the use of attribution theory in the study of sex differences in achievement. These sex differences are measured in terms of task difficulty, ability, effort, and luck according to the model developed by Weiner, et al (1971). The studies attempt to expand the Weiner model to demonstrate that males and…

This study investigates one way humans cope with change--problem-solving. It concentrates on the human abilities important to efficient problem-solving and the processes involved in problem-solving. The objectives of this study were: (1) to develop three group administration tasks that measure problem-solving processes; (2) to evaluate the…

Aimed at advancement of the arts through improvement of education for both understanding and production, this long range basic research program dealt primarily with the study of the varieties and interaction of human abilities, the nature of the tasks involved in the several arts, and the available means for inculcating or fostering the abilities…

Contents of this summary report on the Project of Early Identification of Children with Potential Learning Disabilities, carried out from Fall 1968 through Fall 1969 by the Wellesley Public Schools with a grant from the State Department of Education under Title VI of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act, include the following topics:…