This paper describes a process to define a comprehensive list of exemplars for seven core Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and report on interrater reliability in applying these exemplars to determine ASD case classification. Clinicians completed an iterative process to map specific…

Coefficient alpha reliability persists as the most common reliability coefficient reported in research. The assumptions for its use are, however, not well-understood. The current paper challenges the commonly used expressions of coefficient alpha and argues that while these expressions are correct when estimating reliability for summed scores,…

This article reviews the administrative, scoring, and psychometric properties of the Wechsler Individual Achievement Test, Fourth Edition (WIAT-4, NCS Pearson, 2020). The WIAT-4 is one of the more commonly administered broadband measures of academic achievement. The instrument was determined to be well-conceptualized, and generally…

How frequently should pupils be tested in a given school year using standardized tests? Perhaps, once in a given school year which makes it possible for parents and teachers to notice how a child compares with cohorts in the nation in a specific school year. The results need careful reviewing in order to assist in making curricular decisions. Each…

Following the Khmer Rouge takeover of Cambodia in 1975, "Year Zero" became the beginning of the destruction of the previous regime, many of its officials and teachers, and its education system. With the expulsion of the Khmer Rouge in 1979, the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MoEYS) faced a massive task of rebuilding an…

Reliability is a measure of consistency. It is the degree to which student results are the same when they take the same test on different occasions, when different scorers score the same item or task, and when different but equivalent tests are taken at the same time or at different times. Reliability is about making sure that different test forms…

As technologies have been improved, item preknowledge has become a common concern in the test security area. The present study proposes an unsupervised-learning-based approach to detect compromised items. The unsupervised-learning-based compromised item detection approach contains three steps: (1) classify responses of each examinee as either…

Written examinations represent one of the most common assessment tools in education. Though typically perceived as measurement instruments, written examinations are primarily texts that perform a communicative function. To complement existing research, this study viewed written examinations as a distinct form of communication (i.e. 'register').…

Students come into the classroom with a variety of background knowledge. Therefore, it is imperative that educators are able to help all students, regardless of their familiarity with the content. Since it can be challenging for some large enrollment classes to schedule recitation classes after lectures due to logistical constraints, this study…

Instructional videos for teaching second language (L2) vocabulary often feature an instructor onscreen. The instructor in the video may involuntarily produce beat gestures with their hands, as occurs in real teaching settings. Beat gestures highlight key information in speech by conveying the rhythm of the language, but do not themselves convey…

Teachers are increasingly incorporating new learning materials into their classes: mobile apps, VR, and other results of humanity's digital development. The aim of the study was to compare the impact of the traditional approach to teaching mathematics and the use of MalMath application on the academic performance of students in terms of conceptual…

The digital transformation in educational assessment has led to the proliferation of large-scale data, offering unprecedented opportunities to enhance language learning, and testing through machine learning (ML) techniques. Drawing on the extensive data generated by online English language assessments, this dissertation investigates the efficacy…

This study investigated whether student achievement outcomes in an Illinois suburban high school district differed when students were instructed by teachers with varying backgrounds, including those with and without previous teaching experience; those who did and did not coach; those who did and did not sponsor an activity; and those with and…

This memorandum provides information pertinent to the participation and performance of Advanced Placement (AP) and International Baccalaureate (IB) examinations for 2023 graduates in Montgomery County Public Schools (MCPS). In 2023, 59.3% of MCPS graduates took one or more AP exams; 17.3 percentage points more than graduates in Maryland and 24.6…

This study used a person-centered approach to identify school readiness profiles in a sample of kindergartners (n=1,826) from a large and diverse school district in the United States. Using latent profile analyses and multilevel modeling, we examined three aims: 1) whether patterns of readiness skills at kindergarten entry could be detected, 2)…