Examined the extent to which two dimensions of two measures of counseling effectiveness represent similar constructs. College students viewed filmed excerpts of therapy sessions conducted by experienced male therapists using different therapeutic approaches. Three higher-order factors were identified, thus supporting the purported…

Describes the development and validation of a measure of the stress experienced by African Americans as a result of daily encounters with racism and discrimination. The scale has adequate indexes of internal consistency and fair-to-adequate estimates of test-retest stability. Several other factors also indicated the measure's reliability. (RJM)

High school students (n=1,319) and military recruits (n=2,289) completed the Interest-Finder and the Strong Interest Inventory (SII). The Interest-Finder demonstrated the following: six-factor composition related to Holland's hexagon; substantial relationship to the SII; ability to predict certain high school course choices; and ability to predict…

Studied the reactions to video-based and reading comprehension tests of 105 African American and 361 Caucasian applicants for state trooper positions and the impact the reactions had on the construct measured by the test. Results show relatively favorable impressions of both tests. Perceptions of examinees regarding selection procedures did not…

Administered three tests of intelligence and the Approaches and Study Skills Inventory for Students (Entwhistle, 1997) to 89 Norwegian undergraduates to study the relationships among intelligence, approaches of learning, and academic achievement. Findings support the construct validity of approaches to learning because of its independence from…

Examined the construct validity of scores on a Chinese version of an academic self-concept measure, Dimensions of Self-Concept (W. Michael and R. Smith, 1976), using Composite Direct Product models. Results for 769 junior high school students in China reveal concerns about the discriminate validity of scores on three trait scales. (SLD)

Examined utility and construct validity of Children's Depression Inventory and youth version of Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. Data from 1,207 students in grades 4 through 12 revealed no significant grade, gender, or race effects for either measure. Examination of convergent and discriminate validity revealed high…

A development study involving 498 supervisors and a series of validity studies involving 531 adults identified primary dimensions, psychometric characteristics, and construct validation evidence for internal ability, internal propensity, and external propensity as domain-specific measures of feedback. Theoretical and practical extensions of the…

Factors that might bias outcomes of meta-analytic reviews are discussed. The role of meta-analysis in theory development is considered, describing three types of meta-analytic tests of theory. A final section discusses the applicability of meta-analysis in the assessment of convergent and discriminant construct validity. (SLD)

The Response to Conflict Scale, a 24-item measure of maladaptive responses to marital conflict, was evaluated psychometrically with 420 couples. The inventory showed high internal consistency, test-retest reliability, construct and discriminant validity, and classification efficiency. Clinical utility is discussed. (SLD)

Instrument refinement refers to any set of procedures designed to improve an instrument's representation of a construct. Five objectives of instrument refinement are discussed, and instrument refinement practices are reviewed in a discussion of its role in the process of developing theory and sharpening construct definition. (SLD)

Four studies on the psychometric properties of the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS), involving 682 adults and 1,592 college students, investigated factor structure and construct and content validities. Overall, results suggest that the CISS is a valid and reliable measure of basic coping styles. (SLD)

The Acculturation Rating Scale for Mexican Americans was revised to measure cultural orientation toward Mexican and Anglo cultures independently. The revised scale is multifactorial, demonstrated strong construct validity with a sample of 379 college students representing five generational levels, and is capable of generating multidimensional…

Reports on two studies that indicate Role Category Questionnaire-based indicators do not reflect differences in construct system development. Shows that respondents reported their actions were intentional, goal- and other-directed, and communication. Reveals a substantial correlation between verbal efficiency and number of abstract descriptors,…

Assessed multitrait-multimethod validity of 2 anxiety traits (worry and emotionality) as measured by test and mathematics anxiety instruments among 175 junior and senior high school students. Findings revealed that the four subscales apparently measured a single construct. Also, all four subscales were pervasively influenced by quantitative…