Emancipatory processes such as perspective transformation and conscientization do not mesh with the aims of job training programs. Training language is often used to control trainees' social perspective. The fundamental question is: In whose interest are training programs for the unemployed run? (SK)

Freidson's contributions include a new concept of professions rooted in social organization of labor markets; analysis of professional control resulting from knowledge monopolies and gatekeeping activities; and defense of professions against critics who view their powers as unnecessary or harmful. (SK)

Elaborates on Foucault's analysis of how sovereign power has been replaced by disciplinary power exercised by people on themselves and others. Urges adult educators to be aware of power, especially in the apparently beneficent participatory practices they intend to be empowering for learners. (Contains 20 references.) (SK)

This paper reports results from an ethnographic study of African-American youth subculture in a New Orleans high school. The paper contends that youth subculture remains an important construct to situate stylistic resistance among subaltern groups like urban black youth that confront demands for conformity from representatives of institutional…

For decades sociologists, criminologists, political scientists and socio-legal scholars alike have focused on the symbolic and instrumental dimensions of law in examinations of the effects of social reform and policy implementation. Following in this tradition, we focus on the relationship between hate crime policy and hate crime reporting to…

Shortly after the birth of their infants, teenage working-class mothers were assessed on attitudes toward the need for deference to family authority (respect-based control) and anger. Their children's internalizing and externalizing problems and self-esteem were assessed approximately 12 years later. High respect-based control was linked to higher…

The introduction to this article will seek to present a distillation of Sally Lubeck's achievements in order to provide a benchmark of existing knowledge in the field of early childhood care and education from her perspective and an indication of its likely future. Her work, it is suggested, provides an exemplification of the new sociology of…

Recent panel studies of deterrence have reported little evidence that perceptions of legal sanctions promote deterrence. Yet those studies have consistently found that extralegal sanctions "inhibit" criminal involvement. Conclusions drawn from this line of research remain speculative, however, because they are guided by an unnecessarily…

Concludes that the news media report less favorably on deviant political groups but not less prominently. Suggests the findings support the theory that the media act as agents for social control. (FL)

The concession that the lie is preferred over force as a means of social control forms the basis for the morality of policy lying, i.e., in any situation in which police have a legitimate right to use force they acquire a moral right to achieve the same ends by lying. (RM)

In postindustrial workplaces, training enables new forms of control and surveillance of workers. Corporate culture persuades workers to comply through the rhetoric of empowerment, the promise of belonging and reward, and the rhetoric of valuing differences. (SK)

Proposed that perception of relative danger of various drugs is crucial mediator of support people give to social control policies. Interviewed approximately 540 people, requesting that respondents assess danger level of 13 different drugs and indicate degree of support for some social control items. Found that considerable proportion of total…

Shows that use and effects of punishment are significantly altered by average levels of reward power and punishment power in power-dependence relationship. The power-balancing effect of punishment is most likely to occur when an actor lacking reward power has punishment power that is stronger in relation to the other actor's punishment power but…

Disciplinary measures based on social control produce prison-like schools that remain unsafe. Coercive strategies disrupt learning and foster an environment of mistrust and resistance. Humanizing the environment and encouraging responsibility and a sense of community are possible solutions. (SK)

The gender paradox of suicidal behavior is critically examined. Statistical data showing female predominance in nonfatal suicidal behavior and the question of male predominance in suicide mortality are studied with attention to possible reporting artifacts using World Health Organization data. Four theories on the gender paradox are reviewed and…