Draws a parallel between the resistance experienced by a patient in psychoanalysis and the resistance expressed by students in composition or literature courses. (JC)

A study of 48 dental students' learning styles during the four-year program found that students scored higher on one of four possible dimensions (the concrete sequential) each year and that student preference for this dimension increased with progress toward graduation, suggesting its reinforcement by the dental school environment. (MSE)

Examines the verbal interactions of one teacher with young children (three to five years old) in a preschool classroom through an analysis of her questions and dialogue. Results indicated this teacher asked questions encouraging open, extended conversations, and maintained natural and child-centered conversations with children. (Author/BB)

Describes the characteristics of progressive schematization with regard to column multiplication and column division. Contrasts this with column arithmetic based on progressive complexity. Presents a summary of research data concerning column arithmetic. (TW)

Describes a longitudinal study of students' perceptions of the information search process in libraries over a four-year period from high school through college. The discussion covers the cognitive theory on which the study was based, a model of the search process, and how closely students' perceptions matched the model. (26 references) (Author/CLB)

Presents follow-up to Girls into Science and Technology Project and examines development over three-year period of children's sex stereotypes and their attitudes toward and achievements in science. Concludes that, although some links were evident, sex stereotypes were only weakly related to children's achievements in, choice of, and attitudes…

Twenty-six deaf adolescents received instruction in a structured program of cognitive education called "Instrumental Enrichment." The program addresses, among other processes, comparison, classification, logical progression, spatial orientation, analysis and synthesis, and syllogistic thinking. Following training, the subjects showed…

Discusses theories of how children represent the environment in their memory with reference to recent empirical evidence. States that children are more competent at recalling a route than has been assumed previously and that there are age-related differences in children's ability to select landmarks along a route. (Author/CW)

Suggests that many reading problems may be caused by insufficient background knowledge rather than lack of reading skills. Provides suggestions about how teachers can integrate concepts and materials from social studies into their reading lessons to build students' background knowledge. (ARH)

Examines current spelling research from the perspective of one individual kindergarten student's creativity with sounds and writing. Stresses the importance of encouraging young children to explore written language in their own way. (RWB)

Argues that cognitive reductionism--seeking singular, unitary cognitive explanations for broad ranges of poor school performance--is an inadequate and culturally biased approach to the study of remedial writers. Surveys different approaches to cognition, and notes problems in applying these theories to the thought processes of poor writers. (MM)

The article reviews the role of development and individual differences in the concept of discrepancy as applied to the differential diagnosis of learning disabilities. It is concluded that discrepancy may be better used within learning disabilities rather than in distinguishing between learning disabilities and other handicapping conditions.…

Administered the Adolescent Egocentrism Scale (AES) to middle and high school students (N=129). Found partial support for Inhelder and Piaget's and Elkind's views that adolescent egocentrism is a function of beginning formal operations. Discusses the difficulty of assessing the true thoughts/feelings of persons who are worried how they will appear…

Identifies context variables in written composition from theoretical perspectives in cognitive psychology, sociology, and anthropology. Considers how multiple views of context from across the disciplines can build toward a broader definition of writing. (JD)

Presents results of a study of how readers fill in information "gaps" in a text to make meaning, using adolescents' response to a story by Brecht. Concludes that such gaps bore children uninterested in making meaning, and that those who make meaning from a mechanical stance may be limited in their comprehension unless deeper ways of…