This book represents the final report of the planning phase in the development of an instructional system to be implemented at Cubberley High School in the Palo Alto Unified School District. The purpose of this project is to develop a pilot science learning system in the earth/life sciences. The systems analysis approach was utilized in an attempt…

This study was designed to extend the generality of the Substrata-Factor Theory by two methods of investigation: (1) theoretically, to est"blish the validity of the hypothesis that an isomorphic relationship exists between the Substrata-Factor Theory and the General Open Systems Theory, and (2) experimentally, to disc"ver through a…

To be more useful in educational planning, educational research must be (1) more broadly conceived to incorporate tasks and techniques from disciplines outside of education, (2) more systematic in the sense that both research and development must be more programmatic in nature, and (3) reoriented so that the results of research, whether called…

Eight guidelines are presented for more closely integrating television into the total instructional process and for increasing its support and use. Developed through experience with instructional television at the state network level, these guidelines advocate (1) choosing an instructional area with an identified need, (2) choosing an area with a…

The author briefly reviews literature dealing with the origins of the accountability movement, with models and programs for its implementation, and with the unresolved philosophical and methodological controversies surrounding accountability. (Author/IRT)

A systems approach can be viewed as an attempt to answer the question, "What objectives are we to accomplish, by which procedures, and with what available resources?" The necessity for a systems approach is evident in many areas, and particularly explicit examples can be found in military history. A management system has been defined in…

Rather than arguing for the desirability of using anthropological tools in evaluation, it is assumed by the authors that anthropological tools are desired for certain reasons which they outline. In this article, they aim to systematize their own approach to anthropological-ethnographic evaluation in order that both evaluation agencies and…

It is the author's view that an applied behavioral science approach to the problems of learning and instruction is fundamental to instructional technology. The systems approach may constitute the core technology around which other relevant technologies may be clustered and integrated in application. The author outlines his plan for implementation…

An Air Force systems-oriented electronics maintenance course for weapon control was developed and evaluated. A behavioral description based upon a task analysis of actual job requirements was first prepared. Based on objectives derived from these behavioral descriptions an experimental 14-week training course was developed. A group of subjects…

A major activity of any ESEA Title III project is evaluation. This paper suggests evaluation methods especially appropriate to such projects by applying a systems approach to the evaluation design. Evaluation as a system is divided into three subsystems: (1) baseline evaluation, which describes conditions as they exist before project treatment;…

A discussion of traditional approaches to design forms the basis for the presentation of a methodology for architectural design. In particular, the sequence of analysis-synthesis-evaluation is given as being indicative of most design approaches. Variations of this sequence are examined and the importance of correctly ordering parts of any…

Ways in which systems thought can be employed in military social work and social work in general are discussed. A four tiered effort is suggested in which each level successively comes closer to the problem of effectively using systems thought. First it calls for gaining sufficient familiarity with a systems perspective as a way of looking at…

A description of the communication behaviors in high innovation societies depends on the application of selected principles from modern systems theory. The first is the principle of equifinality which explains the activities of open systems. If the researcher views society as an open system, he frees himself from the client approach since society…

The increasing magnitude of the enterprise of education, the rapid growth of knowledge, the changing educational administrative requirements and challenges, and the development of new educational programs to match the range of students' diverse interests and capacities--all these challenges call for rapid upgrading of the quality and technique of…

This study was designed to extend the generality of the Substrata-Factor Theory by two methods of investigation: (1) theoretically, to establish the validity of the hypothesis that an isomorphic relationship exists between the Substrata-Factor Theory and the General Open Systems Theory, and (2) experimentally, to discover through a series of…