Gender constancy was assessed at ages 4, 5, 6, and 7 for 314 economically disadvantaged children. Results yielded evidence for the sequential placement of a transitional phase in the development of gender constancy. (JMB)

Society's preference for dependency reduction over poverty reduction in dealing with the lower classes stands in the way of greater anti-poverty impact of social policy. Discusses four approaches to poverty policy, their effectiveness, and the poverty assumptions they are based on. Examines why a workfare strategy could be effective. (PS)

Homeless children are usually thrust outside their neighborhoods and into a different school or school district. School districts attempting to meet the educational, emotional, and socialization needs of these children face numerous challenges. This article discusses homeless New Jersey children, highlighting residency, records, transportation,…

Discusses the national trend toward full-day kindergarten scheduling and a 2-year experiment involving alternate-day and half-day programs in Pasco, Washington. Early findings show no significant differences in children's achievement, classroom study habits, or social skills. Poor and minority children benefit from increased conversational…

The paper reviews the major federal policies that affect older workers and focuses on Michigan's efforts to provide employment services to economically disadvantaged older workers. (CH)

The author discusses economic development and its effect on poor women in developing countries. She covers constraints to participation in training that affect women. Implications are presented. (CH)

During the 19th century, America was transformed from an agrarian to an urban-industrial society. America became divided into a nation of rich and poor. Peter Cooper assumed the role of a reformer and became the spokesman for the poor. Cooper's reform efforts and his views on unions are discussed. (RM)

Prediction of General Educational Development (GED) scores from motivational variables derived from Vroom's expectancy-valence theorem was hypothesized. The Tests of Adult Basic Education score, General Aptitude Test Battery score, MD1 expectancy subscale score, and Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory defensiveness score accounted for…

Evaluates the impact of two health services projects for high-risk mothers and infants in two counties of northwest Mississippi which had shown high infant mortality and morbidity. Reports that one of the ICHP projects did improve prenatal care, but neither program significantly influenced pregnancy outcomes (as measured by low birth weights). (KH)

Reviews the coming of Blacks to Appalachia and the general character of their social and cultural development in the region. Focuses on the retreat from biracial education and biracial unionism in the early 1900s and how these failures affected the present status of Appalachian Blacks as some of America's poorest people. (CMG)

Disadvantaged Black adolescents were surveyed regarding health knowledge, health locus of control, and health practices. Significant differences were found for scores on the health knowledge test due to sex, age, and health locus of control. Implications for health and nurse educators are discussed. (Author/DF)

"Phonological Awareness Training" is a general practice aimed at enhancing young children's phonological awareness abilities. Phonological awareness refers to the ability to detect or manipulate the sounds in words independent of meaning. Phonological awareness is a precursor to reading. "Phonological Awareness Training" can…

At the international Youth Employment Summit, September 7-11, 2002, representatives from over 140 countries gathered in Alexandria, Egypt to share knowledge and experience and to advance the cause of better preparation of youth for entry into, and success in, their respective national economies. At the Summit, for the benefit of those with little…

One of a series planned by Child Trends to help inform the public debate surrounding the 2002 reauthorization of the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) block grant, this brief updates a statistical snapshot of working poor families with children that Child Trends published 2 years ago. Findings presented in the brief include the…

This pamphlet, in English- and Spanish-language versions, offers information to parents on the functioning and benefits of Head Start, a federal program for preschool children from low-income families. The pamphlet's sections answer the following questions: (1) "What Is Head Start?" (2) "What Can the Head Start Program Offer to Your…