The author examines the psychological effects of winning and losing on children and discusses ways to reduce the emphasis on winning in youth sports programs. (MJB)

Evaluates the development of cooperative, competitive and individualistic goals in a setting of outcome interdependence among 434 dyads of elementary school children from five cultures. (MP)

Reports the results of two studies measuring the effect of time limits in debates on the quality of rebuttal speeches. Found that the time limit for rebuttals did not affect speech quality, and that the quality of a rebuttal speech was dependent upon the position of the speech. (SKC)

The author discusses the advantages of collaboration among continuing education programs. Types of collaboration are described. (CH)

Reviews the origins of the Umstead Act (NC), its purposes and prohibitions, the provisions pertaining to schools, and some possible defenses if a violation of the act is alleged. The purpose of the act is to curtail competition by government with private business. (MD)

The article describes the training provided prospective coaches of mentally retarded participants in Special Olympics at Special Olympics International Training Schools. Presentations on Special Olympics, mental retardation, athletic injury prevention, coaching techniques, and specific sports skills instruction are provided as well as direct…

Although their goals may seem different, teachers and athletic coaches use the same approach to meet those goals. They can learn much from each other as they strive to bring out the best in students. (Author/MD)

Evaluated effects of competition on a bibliotherapy weight loss program offered in a clinic setting. Assigned subjects to bibliotherapy, competition, or bibliotherapy plus competition conditions. Showed the combined competition and behavioral program produced weight losses greater than those produced by either element alone, with superiority…

Instead of confining interschool competition to athletic teams, schools should consider highlighting their students' academic prowess with academic contests. A number of national programs are reviewed, including the Academic Olympiad sponsored by Utah State University and involving seven cooperating school districts in northern Utah. (MLH)

Examined competition and physical attractiveness among women. Results indicated that a large number of females are highly critical of other women, particularly attractive ones, and are highly concerned about their own appearance in relation to other women. (Author/BL)

Expectancies, performance, perceived ability, and causal attributions of males and females who were involved in competitive motor tasks after being matched with an opponent of similiar ability were studied. Results are discussed. (Author/DF)

Explores both positive and negative competition within premarital relationships using a typology of competitive behaviors. Findings compare competitive activities of men and women in serious mate-choice oriented relationships. Implications for both courtship and marital relationships are offered. (Author/BL)

Replies to Mary McKeown's critique of an "Economics of Education Review" paper on budget control. Derides her objection to "budgeteer" terminology and her definition of budgeting as a planning function only. Assails her for being more practitioner than theorist, for fearing interdepartmental competition, and for misunderstanding authors' regard…

The four members of the American team in the International Chemistry Olympiad won medals in this international competition (which involved written/laboratory examinations in organic, inorganic, and physical chemistry, and biochemistry). Selection of the team involved a nationwide examination and participation in a two-week chemistry camp. (DH)

Like so many areas of human endeavor, the roots of our athletic heritage are etched in ancient Greek history. The Greeks placed an enormous importance on winning in athletics--so much so that no recognition was given to second place. To be taught to win is no sin. (MT)