Encourages teachers and trainers to investigate instructional design alternatives in order to find approaches that fit varied student learning needs and constraints. The Instructional Design Library, a series of 40 guides to different types of designs, is recommended as one avenue for exploring a systematic approach to instruction. (MER)

Research findings suggest that behavioral feedback is rated by group members as more effective than interpretive or mixed feedback. (Author)

The author outlines the main features of the Instructional Design model and advocates it as a practical system for improving instruction at any level. (SJL)

Reviews and discusses the potential accomplishments and limitations of a performance-based method of deriving instructional content, taking into account five broad classes of learning outcomes--intellectual skills, information, cognitive strategies, attitudes, and motor skills--which are viewed as what is learned in any or all of the subjects of a…

Offers two illustrations of how newspapers can plan and organize a systems approach to streamline their circulation departments. (RL)

Examines economic equation systems by describing the simultaneous equation model, its application to the economy as a whole, and a systemwide approach to microeconomics. The systems approach focuses on particular segments of the economy such as consumer spending. (Author/KC)

Reflects on the shift in educational technology from an innovative style attempting useful change, to a narrow, conservative style emphasizing practicality. Systematic model types are analyzed in terms of five organizational elements. (RAO)

Technical education programs can be made more meaningful with a systems approach to planning, such as the method employed by a postsecondary educator in Texas. (Author/JH)

The theories, techniques, and applications of interventions in social networks have multiplied in recent years. This paper traces significant clinical literature on networks, at the same time pointing out similarities with tribal healing in "primitive" societies. (Author)

Describes a systems approach to achieve an effective logistics system model for school districts. (Author/MA)

The content of the basic course differs depending on whether the school offers an information systems curriculum or multiple systems courses or it offers only one course or the student chooses to take only one course. (Author/IRT)

A prequalification process that can be used effectively on any project where an institution needs to assure the standards of contractors and not be subjected to a straight, low-bid situation. (Author/MLF)

Examines educational reform as a systemic process. Views school districts as dynamic systems that use reforms to reinforce their equilibrium as institutional organizations. Institutionalization effectively blocks formal feedback to decision makers. Reforms exhibit an alternating pattern, resulting from a default feedback process reflecting…

Effective interteam work for health care teams must consider the following: each team's distinct model of reality, teams' culture, boundary-crossing functions that link teams with others, systems perspective, and expectations of equitable resource allocation and work burdens. (SK)

In the workplace, diversity is seen as either a vital organizational process, a value-added activity, an optional activity, or a waste of resources. Performance is the key to making diversity a core organizational process. The focus should be on how and whether diversity contributes to organizational performance. (SK)