Nationwide attention should increasingly be focused on the failure of schools to ensure that all their students adequately learn the basic skills of reading, writing, and arithmetic. Indepth legal and social science research with respect to remedies for this situation should be undertaken as a priority. (Author/DN)

This paper on a research project on aural learning briefly (1) describes some of the difficulties which define the problem of aural learning; (2) discusses how that problem has been attacked in the past and why the author has elected not to follow that tradition; and (3) outlines an alternative approach. Research procedures are outlined and…

This report describes the test performances of 26 students who displayed a variety of erroneous rules in completing a 48-item test of fraction addition problems, constructed to diagnose at least 88 projected erroneous rules. Cases were selected for their potential usefulness in designing and implementing an error-diagnostic testing system and in…

An examination of teachers' responses to questionnaires identifying sixteen classroom academic and social behavior problems revealed different reactions to each type. A system was developed to measure the responses which were coded in terms of the extent to which they evidenced the presentation of standards or evidenced warmth. Teachers presented…

THE AUTHOR REVIEWS HIS PREVIOUS RESEARCH INTO TECHNIQUES TO ATTRACT CULTURALLY-DISADVANTAGED STUDENTS BACK TO THE CLASSROOM AND TO MAINTAIN THEIR ATTENDANCE. A CONTINGENCY SYSTEM WAS DEVELOPED TO IMPROVE PERFORMANCE, AND THE VARIABLES SPEED AND ACCURACY WERE INVESTIGATED. THIS IS PAPER NO. FOUR IN THE "VARIABLES INFLUENCING BEHAVIOR" PROJECT. (LH)

LANGUAGE LEARNING EMPHASIZING THE IMPORTANCE OF AUDITORY FACTORS IN READING WAS SURVEYED. THE AUDITORY-TO-VISUAL SYMBOL SYSTEM ASSOCIATION IS DEFINED AS THE ABILITY TO ASSOCIATE SOUND LABELS WITH VISUAL LABELS (AND VICE VERSA) ON A GESTALT WHOLE-WORD BASIS AND ON A PHONEME-GRAPHEME ANALYTIC-SYNTHETIC BASIS. THE DECODING (READING) AND ENCODING…

SUPPORTIVE EVIDENCE IS GIVEN AGAINST PERCEPTUAL DISORDERS CREATING INTERFERENCE IN LEARNING. THE CONTENTION THAT A PERCEPTUAL FIGURE GROUND DISTURBANCE NECESSARILY INTERFERES WITH THE LEARNING PROCESS IS NOT SUPPORTED BY THE EVIDENCE. THERE ARE INDICATIONS, HOWEVER, THAT BACKGROUND INTERFERENCE SEEMS TO AFFECT SOME CHILDREN MORE THAN OTHERS. TWO…

A study was conducted using contemporary test scores to describe adults who reported that they had experienced severe reading problems in childhood and that such problems continued to influence their functioning as adults. Twelve men and one woman ranging in age from 20 to 54 volunteered for the study. All had attended college or technical school…

SOME REASONS FOR THE CONTROVERSY SURROUNDING THE INSTITUTES FOR THE ACHIEVEMENT OF HUMAN POTENTIAL ARE EXPLORED. THE METHODS USED IN THE INSTITUTES ARE BASED ON THE HYPOTHESIS THAT POOR NEUROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION RESULTS FROM THE FAILURE TO PASS THROUGH A CERTAIN SEQUENCE OF DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES IN MOBILITY AND LANGUAGE. THUS, PATTERNS ARE IMPOSED…

IN ORDER TO FIND A GOOD PREDICTOR OF EMPIRICAL DIFFICULTY, AN OPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF STEP SIZE, TEN PROGRAMER-JUDGES RATED CHANGE IN COMPLEXITY IN TWO VERSIONS OF A MATHEMATICS PROGRAM, AND THESE RATINGS WERE THEN COMPARED WITH MEASURES OF EMPIRICAL DIFFICULTY OBTAINED FROM STUDENT RESPONSE DATA. THE TWO VERSIONS, A 54 FRAME BOOKLET AND A 35…

Elementary school principals and guidance personnel are being called upon more frequently to evaluate the efficacy of educational goals and the means for attaining these goals. This article presents alternative methods to standardized testing for garnering significant information about the school environment. Three broad categories presented are…

This paper describes the Child Study Center (CSC) of the Pinellas County, Florida, Pupil Services Demonstration Project, an Elementary Secondary Education Act Title III project. The purpose of the CSC is to provide the diagnostic, prescriptive, and consultative intervention necessary to assist referred students with serious learning problems in…

The function and purpose of school psychological services for children with educational problems are discussed, the referral procedure is described, and guidelines for referral based on observation of visual, auditory, tactual-motor, and personal social behavior are offered. Appended is the group test sequence and a sample referral form from the…