The hypothesis that two variables have a perfect disattenuated correlation and hence measure the same trait, except for errors of measurement, is discussed. Equivalently, the underlying variables, the true scores, are related linearly. It is shown that previously proposed ad hoc tests are, in fact, likelihood ratio tests. (Author/JKS)

This paper describes an exact small sample test, and provides a table of critical values for an approximate large sample test, to determine if a sample of Likert-Type ratings indicates significant agreement or disagreement in a population of such ratings. (Author)

The behaviors for which juvenile females are placed in court custody are most frequently related to sexual delinquency, "incorrigibility", and running away. Psychologically, these behaviors can be viewed as acting on impulses in ways prohibited by prevailing social norms. Examines the possibility that female delinquency represents an…

It appears that contingent reinforcement may have an effect upon the intelligence test performance of black adults as evidenced by the consistent trend of the IQ scores in the direction of the proposed hypothesis. However, the primary analysis of the data revealed no statistically significant differences among treatment groups. (Author)

In a recently reported study, the functional components of imagery and vocalization strategies in children's verbal discrimination learning were examined, following the combined experimental/correlational logic of Underwood. The present research extends those results to a strategy that (unlike imagery and vocalization) has a positive influence on…

Words presented with regular acoustic onsets are not "perceptually" regular. The requirements for perceived regularity were investigated, and the "perceptual center" (P-center) of a word was defined as its psychological moment of occurrence. (Editor)

In this research subjects are asked to justify three common erroneous solutions and the correct solution, all of which purport to be the "correct solution". It was predicted that the subjects would give reasons supporting any given solution, and indicate a high degree of confidence in the correctness of their justifications. (Author/RK)

It is pointed out that interpretation of learning set data will be easier and more informative if one uses a "first-order" problem, that is, one which can be solved on the first trial at the end of training. (Editor)

In his comment, Black (AA 526 155) argued that Maier and Seligman (EJ 138 911) incorrectly interpreted competing motor response explanations of the learned helplessness effect. Here, it is argued that no article that has proposed a competing motor response explanation of the learned helplessness effect has alluded to a mechanism similar to the one…

Suggests that penis envy leads to punishment of sexual aggression, and several psychoanalytic hypotheses for further experimentation on this construct are presented. (Editor)

Practical significance is concerned with whether a research result is useful in the real world. The use of procedures to supplement the null hypothesis significance test in four journals of the American Psychological Association is examined, and an approach to assessing practical significance is presented. (SLD)

The relative merits of two prominent lines of inquiry into the linkage between organizational culture and effectiveness (culture type and strong culture hypotheses) were studied with 334 colleges and universities. Findings support both approaches and suggest that alternative culture types are differentially effective on different performance…

Discussion of electronic commerce and online marketing focuses on an empirical study that investigated differences between Internet shopping intentions for products categorized by cost and tangibility. Highlights include hypotheses; respondent characteristics; results that showed that intentions to shop using the Internet differ by tangibility of…

Describes a direct linear relation between the number of articles in a journal and the journal's impact factor. Hypotheses are presented; theoretical considerations are discussed; and results are described that show exceptions for review journals and translation journals, as well as for journals in mathematics and chemistry. (Author/LRW)

Presents a theory of distance education to demonstrate its potential, based on a discussion of the concept of theory in general. Topics include the scope of a theory of distance education, generating hypotheses, descriptive elements and testable hypotheses generated, and the potential and applicability of the theory suggested. (71 references) (LRW)