Errors of misclassification associated with two concept acquisition criteria and their effects on the actual significance level and power of a statistical test for sequential development of these concepts are presented. Explicit illustrations of actual significance levels and power values are provided for different misclassification models.…

The effect of the variance stabilizing transformations on the significance level and power of the F test, applied to Binomial and Poisson variables, was examined by a Monte Carlo study. The results indicate that the significance level is not affected by the transformations. (Author/JKS)

Procedures are developed for testing the hypothesis that Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient is equal for two tests given to the same subjects. (Author/JKS)

Orthogonal target analysis, a technique employed in confirmatory factor analysis, is investigated via a simulation study. The results indicate that the technique will recover the correct underlying population pattern except under very unfavorable data conditions and that a close fit to a binary target is not necessarily forced. (Author/JKS)

Detailed reanalyses of data reported in Studies in Educational Evaluation: Monograph No. 1 by Y. Kashti and Monograph No. 5 by U. Kattmann, 1979, were performed using an explicitly structurally oriented approach via target analysis (PINDIS). Results contradict those reached by Kashti and Kattmann. (RL)

The authors contend that most research in education lacks statistical power. They feel that the poor use of statistics as a tool for enhancing internal validity must be remediated. The adoption of a new convention is proposed in order to put statistical certainty into reasonable perspective. (RLV)

It has been shown that the degree of restriction of range taken into account in testing the hypothesis that rho equals zero, entails risks of incorrect inferences. It is argued that an alternative is to disregard the restriction of range and to use the common t-statistics proposed by regression theory. (Author/JKS)

A program is described which selects the most powerful among four methods for conducting a priori comparisons in an analysis of variance: orthogonal contrasts, Scheffe's method, Dunn's method, and Dunnett's test. The program supplies the critical t ratio and the per-comparison Type I error risk for each of the relevant methods. (Author/JKS)

Social scientists have available a wide array of techniques for the analysis of complex contingency tables. Considerations in choosing from among the techniques are discussed. The theme emphasized here is that the analyst should evaluate the techniques within the context of the substantive questions of the study. (Author/JKS)

The golden section is a proportion the aesthetic properties of which have been extolled since antiquity. The data from five experiments in which subjects made dichotomous judgements of acquaintances on bipolar dimensions (e.g. pleasant-unpleasant) were reported. (Editor)

Research indicates that evaluative (emotional) word meaning and denotative meaning (imagery) are distinct mediational mechanisms and can be conditioned. It is hypothesized that the meaning responses can be conditioned concurrently and independently. (Editor/RK)

It was hypothesized that a moving or stationary observer who samples an ambient optic array specific to egomotion over a flat plain obtains a phenomenal experience of egomotion over that environment and further that the focus of expansion need not be present in the optic array sample for an observer to perceive his heading and egomotion.…

In order to address criticisms raised against the cognitive mediation hypothesis, three experiments were conducted to develop a more direct test of the hypothesis. Taken together, the three experiments provide converging support for the cognitive mediation hypothesis, reconfirming the central role of cognition in the persuasion process.…

Derived a confidence interval for a ratio of correlated mean absolute deviations. Simulation results show that it performs well in small sample sizes across realistically nonnormal distributions and that it is almost as powerful as the most powerful test examined by R. Wilcox (1990). (SLD)

Addresses one of the functions of output proposed by Swain (1993, 1995, 1998). In particular, the activity of producing the target language may, under certain circumstances, prompt second language (L2) learners to recognize some of their linguistic problems and bring to their attention something they need to discover about their L2. (Author/VWL)