The investigator felt that littering is a behavior contingent upon certain environmental conditions and that these conditions should be examined systematically. Specifically, this study sought to examine the effects of a behavior modification approach to littering with eight four-year-old subjects. Using token positive reinforcement, token…

The study deals with the experimental application of a structured job analysis procedure to enlisted and officer billets in the Navy, with particular reference to its potential use in relating naval compensation for billet incumbents to compensation for civilian jobs with similar characteristics, and in assessing its utility for allocating naval…

The first section of this brochure deals with standards for educational public relations programs. Eight sections present standards in the areas of (1) clear concept of the public relations program, (2) provision for public relations professional(s) in the organization, (3) relationship of the public relations professional to the governing body,…

A REVIEW OF EXISTING RESEARCH WAS MADE ON THE TOPIC OF POLITICAL SOCIALIZATION OF AMERICAN YOUTH. THE AUTHOR POSED THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS AS SUBTOPICS TO THE OVERALL RESEARCH REVIEW--(1) WHAT IS POLITICAL SOCIALIZATION, (2) WHAT DO YOUNG AMERICANS BELIEVE ABOUT POLITICS, (3) HOW DO YOUNG AMERICANS ACQUIRE POLITICAL BELIEFS, AND (4) HOW IMPORTANT…

This article warns against an emphasis on teaching basic skills at the expense of broader and more humanistic education. (JD)

The article identifies ethical criteria for social studies teachers. Examples of tensions between parents, students, and teachers are presented to illustrate how the ethical criteria impinge on the social studies teacher. (Author/DB)

Discusses the circumstances under which an individual may be legally confined to a mental institution. This includes the definition of "dangerousness", the attitudes of psychiatrists and civil libertarians, and a compromise solution between those viewpoints. (Author/RK)

Predominant social values--independence of families, minimal government intervention, separation of home and workplace, and the sex-typed division of labor--lead to policies that create dilemmas for dual-career families. Presents a counseling process that traces such dilemmas to discrepancies between family and social policy values. Suggests…

Gives the founder's perspective on the history of the International Association for Suicide Prevention, and an argument for its necessity, particularly in view of conflicting societal norms in certain countries and the pressure to involve religion exclusively. Emphasizes the need to resist the glorification of suicide, and to study and prevent…

Predictors of cheating behavior in American and Israeli society were studied. Predictors in American society were attitudes, normative beliefs, or both together; friends and classmates were stronger influences than families. In Israeli society, normative beliefs were the significant predictors, and family norms influenced cheating behavior. (VM)

Mixing the academic culture of the classroom with the cultural diversity of its students often results unintentionally in an ethnocentric classroom, an extension of the mainstream Anglo culture. The teacher should know that some views of appropriate classroom behavior are likely to be foreign to some of the students. (Author/MSE)

Examined college women's perceptions of unwanted intercourse. Results indicated that highly negative feelings are attributed to the man in the refuse situation, and to the majority of the women in both the accept and refuse situations. A theory of unwanted intercourse is proposed that attributes its high incidence to four societal norms.…

Discusses White missionaries' efforts to instill Anglo values into newly freed Black college students. Describes how, as memories of slavery dimmed, early resistance gave way to enthusiastic acquiescence so that by the early 1900s, Anglo cultural norms had become firmly embedded in the value system of Tennessee's college-educated Blacks. (CMG)

Commune residents and university students were asked to compare present and past social interactions in terms of 13 questions derived from differences between nuclear and extended families. Findings confirmed the hypothesis that communal social roles evolve to become similar to those in extended families, with the exception of work roles.…

Administrators need to have a strong sense of accountability. Mishandling of funds is obviously to be avoided; however, other decisions that are not as clear are discussed. Determining and avoiding whatever may diminish integrity is a safeguard for school executives. (MLF)