A battery of memory tests was administered to 243 male university students. Factor analysis with oblique rotation of factors revealed five factors: (1) associative memory (particularly important in paired-associate tests), (2) short-term visual memory (the ability to derive information from briefly presented visual displays), (3) meaningful memory…

Analyses of the University of Maryland Counseling Center staff's theoretical orientation were performed, taken both as a whole and individually, and noting the differences among full-time senior staff, part-time staff, and interns. The Therapist Orientation Questionnaire (TOQ) reveals a staff trend toward a "relationship therapy" where…

The use of ratings of children by judges is pervasive in the area of father absence research. The interpretation of such ratings, though, is not always straightforward. The possibility that teacher ratings of children may indicate a stereotype on the part of teachers was investigated by showing 30 teachers a videotape that focused on the social…

The physical barriers in mobile homes were removed, and modifications made, to accommodate wheelchair students. These selected students were tested to determine psychological factors which might be important in mobile home living. The results of personal interviews, psychological tests and personal observation indicated that the physical…

Examined were causal attributions for women and men and sports participation. In accord with previous academic research, athletes of both sexes were expected to attribute successes more to their abilities and efforts and failures to lack of effort, as compared to a group of non-athletes. Also examined was the differential use of team and…

Two contingency systems, individual and group, were evaluated for their effects on children's behavior during small group meetings. A group of 48 children, ages 8-14, attended a seven-week residential camp program operated on a token economy system. Ratings of the campers' behavior were made by the counselors on a five-point rating scale at the…

A group of 590 female M.D.'s, Ph.D.'s, lawyers, and artists between ages 30 and 40 completed a mailed questionnaire including an anxiety scale (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory), a sex role questionnaire (Personal Attributes Questionnaire), a measure of ego development (Inventory of Psychosocial Development), and an Attitudes Toward Women Scale along…

There appears to have been no coherent movement of rural adult education in the United States since the area was first surveyed in the 1930s. Such problems exist as fragmentation, a lack of communication across efforts, and a lack of continuity in time. There does not even appear to be adequate information on the nature and scope of the enterprise…

This annual report contains a summary of the research which has been carried on in the department during the 1978-1979 academic year, and information about its organizational structure, objectives, instructional programs, computing facilities, interaction within the university, and interaction with the computer and information science community.…

The system of funding mechanisms through which the federal government supports research performed in universities is reviewed. Problems in the system and conclusions/recommendations for its improvement are discussed. The historical development of federal government interest in support of research, particularly research performed in universities,…

These five papers present a compact summary of current biological, behavioral and psychosocial research on cigarette smoking behavior. They focus especially on the addictive and dependence processes related to smoking and its effects on health. While much is known, recommendations for further research are suggested on topics including: nicotine,…

The predictive value of the high-school-level battery of the tests of General Educational Development (GED) for two-year college academic performance was investigated. GED tests scores were examined to determine if they could substitute for a complete high school record as a source of predictor data. Student record data from a registrar's office…

In a study supported by the Charles F. Kettering Foundation, a research team developed a methodology for illustrating the effective and ineffective uses of audio, video, and computer teleconferencing by developing scenarios for eacb medium. The group first invented a general situation--a conference involving participants with global, regional, and…

Faculty activities having a scholarly or professional quality are examined. Such scholarly work is defined as activities in professional practice that use, to some degree, doctoral research training, applying professional research competencies; this is seen to encompass much more than publication efforts. A list of 80 related activities was…

This series of the third, fourth, and fifth annual reports to the Bernard Van Leer Foundation on the Mt. Druitt Early Childhood Project of Macquarie University, Australia, describes the general activities, program developments, and research activities of the project for the period 1977-1979. The main objective of the project is to develop,…