Many members of the educational community today believe that political pressures have a major effect on education policy and institutions. This paper discusses four barriers that impede teachers and administrators who must cope with these new political pressures. The four barriers include the problem of meanings and definitions, the lack of…

Conference proceedings are summarized from a 1979 national conference on regulations for Title VII of the Rehabilitation, Comprehensive Services, and Developmental Disabilities of 1978 (P.L. 95-602) which provides for a three part program in independent living for disabled persons. Conference participants represented a wide variety of…

Two final resolutions were adopted by the Council of Europe at the October 1978 European Conference of Ministers Responsible for Regional Planning. Resolution 1 focused on guidelines for the planning of rural areas in Europe. Strategies and policies called for: a more balanced development which makes the living conditions of different regions as…

IN THREE CONSECUTIVE YEARS, 1962-65, RIVERSIDE CITY COLLEGE HAD THREE DIFFERENT POLICIES FOR STUDENT WITHDRAWALS FROM CLASS--(1) A 6-WEEK NO-PENALTY PERIOD, WITH THE GRADE ASSIGNED FOR WITHDRAWALS AFTER THAT PERIOD TO BE DETERMINED BY THE STUDENTS' PROGRESS UP TO THE DATE OF WITHDRAWAL, (2) A 6-WEEK NO-PENALTY PERIOD, WITH GRADES OF F FOR LATER…

STATEMENTS OF THE PROBATION AND DISMISSAL POLICIES FOR EACH OF 21 CALIFORNIA JUNIOR COLLEGES ARE ACCOMPANIED BY STATISTICAL DATA SHOWING THE NUMBERS OF STUDENTS AFFECTED BY THE POLICIES, AND--IN SOME CASES--THE EFFECTS OF RAISING THE STATE MINIMUM GRADE POINT AVERAGE FOR GOOD STANDING FROM ITS CURRENT 1.5 TO 2.0. CONCLUDING THAT…

A THIRD OF ALL AMERICAN TEACHING EMPLOYEES IN THE FIELD OF EDUCATION ARE COVERED BY SOME FORM OF COLLECTIVE BARGAINING, A SITUATION IN MANY RESPECTS PARALLEL TO THAT FOUND AMONG WORKERS IN THE PRIVATE INDUSTRIAL SECTOR. TEACHER CONTRACTS ARE DISTINGUISHED BY LESS RELIANCE ON SENIORITY, FEWER EMPLOYER PENALTIES, AND FEWER FRINGE BENEFITS, PRIMARILY…

Policy Implications Analysis (PIA) is a tool designed to maximize the likelihood that an evaluation report will have an impact on decision-making. PIA was designed to help people planning and conducting evaluations tailor their information so that it has optimal potential for being used and acted upon. This paper describes the development and…

Since 1967, the mean Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) score has declined. Likewise, the numbers of candidates receiving high SAT scores have been decreasing steadily. The same downward trend in student achievement can be seen among student groups from grade 4 through post graduate studies. In recent years, policy has been directed towards making…

This collection of essays makes some attempts to define the humanities and explore the social role they might play. Part 1 examines the role of the humanist in society and suggests that the humanist can perform a function when "justification" (the determination of what is right and wrong) is necessary. In part 2, the topic "the…

The fifth of eight delegate workbooks prepared for the May, 1977 White House Conference on Handicapped Individuals contains ballots for the workshop on the architectural, transportation and communication problems of handicapped persons. The ballots are designed to enable delegates to assign priorities to various issues and proposals in a way that…

The sixth of eight delegate workbooks prepared for the May, 1977 White House Conference on Handicapped Individuals contains ballots for the workshop on employment, economic opportunity and economic security. The ballots are designed to enable delegates to assign priorities to various issues and proposals in a way that reflects conclusions of state…

The meaning and measures of structural unemployment are discussed in this paper. The first section examines the linkages between the concepts of cyclical, frictional, seasonal, and structural unemployment. The next sections analyze measures of structural unemployment based on the view that structural unemployment is substantial during times of…

This paper explores some of the implications of cross-ownership of newspapers and other media in a single market and the role of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), the Department of Justice, and the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) in enforcing national policy favoring a deconcentration of local mass media. It describes the history of FCC…

Although it is usually assumed that the people own the schools and that their will is manifested by boards of school trustees, there is evidence that the "quasi-owners" (not real owners but those who set policy) are educational administrators. If this is so, the reduction of the length of administrative job tenure may be a result of…

Part 3 of a three-part volume for research and development systems researchers, this report shows how the contextual analytical approach presented in Part 1 may be used to analyze specific research, development, and innovation (RD & I) issues. Chapter 8 (the first chapter of this part) focuses on the institutional bases of RD & I systems…