This tenth annual report of national normative data on students entering college as first-time, full-time freshmen is part of an ongoing longitudinal study of the American higher education system. Its purpose is to determine the effects of college on students. Data for 1975 is based on responses from 186,406 freshmen entering 366 institutions;…

During the past few years the problem of bias in testing has become an increasingly important issue. In most research, bias refers to the fair use of tests and has thus been defined in terms of an outside criterion measure of the performance being predicted by the test. Recently however, there has been growing interest in assessing bias when such…

The study attempted to determine the roles of vocational and technical education as perceived by parents, teachers, school board members, school counselors, and students in Oklahoma. The Delphi technique was used to formulate the opinionnaire from responses of 320 randomly selected participants. The statements were ranked by the participants' mean…

This paper describes how the evaluation of teachers by principals is hampered by difficulties in communication. The 131 teachers and 33 principals questioned did not agree on how much teachers knew about the way they were evaluated. Nor did they agree on the frequency of evaluations; the teachers reported less frequent evaluation than the…

The Department of Anthropology and the Educational Assessment Center (EAC) cooperated in a project to assess the effect of certain variables on student ratings of instruction. For this purpose, the entire teaching faculty of the department was requested by the department's Teaching Effectiveness committee to administer the EAC Student Ratings Form…

The capability was studied of each of three models for producing indices that will reproduce school effectiveness rankings established a priori through simulation. The models used were a within-group regression technique, a regression model using individual scores, and a regression model using means. Data for 54 hypothetical schools on input, SES,…

The effectiveness of test adaptation based on item selection and reordering of a Spanish (Mexican) version of the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT) was examined. Translated forms were administered to a sample of Mexican students. One item from each pair (A and B) was selected and reordered using a priori rules. The revised instrument was…

This study, the fourth in a series of longitudinal studies, investigates causal and other relationships between leadership, teacher, and student variables in curriculum engineering. Measures were taken on leadership, teacher attitudes and performance, and student performance. A causal time-series model and path analysis were used to demonstrate…

This study examined the earnings and wage rate differentials between Federal government and private sector workers in 1960 and 1970 to consider the comparability of these workers and the application of the Comparability Doctrine in Federal pay policy during that period. Two types of earnings and wage rate equations were estimated by ordinary least…

The school enrollment projections presented in this report are based on the application of a modified version of the cohort survival model. Retention ratios from grade to grade were analyzed for six prior years and the trend extended over the 19-year period from 1974-75 to 1992-93. Actual birth figures, population estimates, and projected New York…

A detailed financial and administrative services cost analysis indicates trends at John Tyler Community College (JTCC) as well as offering a comparison between JTCC expenditures and the Virginia Community College System Average. Rising costs per FTE are attributed to enrollment declines coupled with a decline in credit hours taken per student.…

The purpose of this study was to clarify the meaning of "trust" as it applies to relationships between teachers and principals. First, 85 teachers were asked to explain the meaning of the statement, "I trust my principal"; a modified Q-sort of these data yielded 10 dimensions of trust. Then, 145 respondents were asked to indicate which of the 10…

Statistical sampling techniques for the measurement of book readership within libraries are described. The procedures, developed and initially implemented at Rider College, rely upon interviews of book readers inside the library rather than upon such indirect usage measures as which volumes are lift on tables for reshelving, or analyses of user…

Forty randomly selected school children, in four treatment groups of ten each (each comprised of children from the 5, 8, and 12 year age levels) participated in a study to determine the extent to which the capacity for information processed by a child increases in amount with development. Apprehension span (perception and transformation of aural…

A quantitative model has been formulated which, when used along with existing job evaluation methods, aids in determining equitable grades for most commissioned officer positions. The model applies only to the grades of lieutenant through colonel. Each rater rated 15 duty positions on four overall factors, each consisting of 14 subfactors. The…