Analyzes several manpower forcasts of the 1960's and early 1970's and the main reasons for their inaccuracy, suggesting new directions for research on labor markets for the highly educated. (JT)

Six major problems confronting attempts to use nonmetric multidimensional scaling to represent structures underlying similarity data are identified and the author's prospects for over-coming each of these problems are presented. (RC)

This article relates a brief historical background of social sciences in Japan, the institutional framework of social science education and research, and major issues and perspectives for the development of the social scinces. (ND)

Focuses on the contribution which African social scientists make, or could make, towards an understanding and hopefully a solution of the problems facing contemporary Africa. (Author/ND)

Three reactions to the paradox in question are given. Generally, some evaluation feedback is considered to hurt more than help, but more often than not evaluations can provide direction and guidance to educators. (AM)

Preparation of this paper facilitated by Grant GS-1741 from the Division of Social Sciences of the National Science Foundation.

There is a growing awareness among scientists and researchers in every field that the selection of problems for research, the guiding theories, the interpretation of evidence, and resulting conclusions can be, and in fact often are, shaped by political or social ideology. If infused with keenly critical vigilance, such awareness affords the best…

Three separate papers are included in this report. The first describes a two-stage procedure for choosing from among several instructional programs the one which maximizes the probability of passing the test. The second gives the exact sample sizes required to determine whether a squared multiple correlation coefficient is above or below a known…

This paper examines the tradition of research within the field of educational technology and cites problems endemic to the dominant research methods. It is suggested that a reexamination of the history of the field has intrinsic merit and is necessary at this time; furthermore, historical analysis may assist in the development of new research…

Current textbooks on reading recommend six scoring systems to be used with cloze tests to find material of suitable difficulty for instruction. These six scoring systems, when applied to a single data source--300 cloze scores obtained from ninth grade students tested with ninth grade content materials--produced varied placements which at present…

The past 20 years of research into the efficacy of advance organizers has resulted in little empirical support for their use. A primary reason for this lack of strong support is the absence of true objective descriptions and definitions of the organizers used and the concomitant poor control over their derivation and construction. This deficiency…