Investigates the relative and interactive effects of rater-, and ratee-, relationship-, situational-, and group-level contingencies on peer assessments of open communication. Results suggest that, given certain procedural conditions, peer assessments are highly reliable and valid. Rater bias accounted for a relatively small amount of rating…

Studied the influence of counselor and client sex on relational communication patterns in counseling within a systems theory framework using audiotaped intake interviews of 36 counselors. Both counselor sex and and client sex were significant factors in participants' perceptions of each other during the intake. (JAC)

Analyzes language teaching and learning as it transpires during the course of verbal interaction in the home. (DF)

Presents findings of a study which examined the reactions of different family members to various social behaviors by a target child to determine what are the most probable consequences that child will experience. Discusses implications of results for understanding normative family interactions and clinical intervention. (KH)

Results indicate that applicants tend to take fairly passive roles in job interviews and that successful applicants (those receiving second interview offers) tend to ask fewer new-information or interview-process questions than unsuccessful applicants. (PD)

Offers a model that examines the interracial communication taking place on prime-time television programs. Suggests that viewers are observing communication that does not facilitate friendships, relationships, and close cooperation between Blacks and Whites. (PD)

Attempted to increase the occurrence of sexual-social interactions of emotionally disturbed adolescents. Results indicate that, regardless of sex, group contingencies are more effective than individual contingencies in increasing positive sexual-social interactions. Results inferred that emotionally disturbed adolescents' social interactions…

Twenty students participated in this study in which white lies were collected and coded for analysis. Overall, findings confirm previous findings that lies are often used to cope with difficulties in unequal power relationships. (PD)

It was predicted that the amount of satisfaction following an interpersonal exchange will be higher when the resource given is similar to the one reciprocated and lower when they are dissimilar. Interpersonal exchange situations were experimentally created in which two independent variables were manipulated. (Author)

Strong instructions induced more interaction, resulting in better recall under intentional than under incidental instructions. Intentional instructions had greater impact on less efficient tasks and less effect on more efficient tasks. Maximum recall and efficiency occurred with simple instructions to read the passage. (Author/MV)

Adolescents' attitudes toward aged were positive, regardless of age. Contact with grand-parents and more positive attitudes were found in middle class compared to lower class, and among whites compared to nonwhites. Questionnaires were given to all 9th and 12th grade students in a rural high school (N=413). (Author)

The author contends it is time to go beyond the approach of Gestalt therapists regarding anger and violence. She feels counselees (and counselors) must realize anger can destroy the possibility of certain relationships. It is not possible to do "your own thing" without taking responsibility for its effect on others. (Author/HMV)

Several examples of crisis situations encountered at the middle/junior high level are reacted to by two different counselors from different parts of the country and different backgrounds. (Author)

Tests the hypothesis that patients who were contacted more often by their relatives would stay a shorter time in the hospital. Results support the hypothesis. (Author)

This study was designed to test the effects of both interaction distance and the quality of the interaction upon attraction. The implications of this research for studies concerning crowding is discussed, as are possible explanatory mechanisms. (Editor/RK)