The cognitive model of delinquency prevention is based on research evidence that antisocial behavior arises from deficits in cognitive problem-solving and social interaction skills. The early acquisition of cognitive skills may help prevent delinquency in children who must contend with adverse environmental conditions. (SK)

Investigated whether living in a deprived area compounded residents' disadvantaged status and whether area effects contributed to social exclusion. Data from surveys conducted in deprived and socially mixed neighborhoods indicated that both structure and agency were important in influencing neighborhood problems, though living in areas of…

Describes how in one of Miami's toughest neighborhoods, a survivor of those streets came back to help others because "kids' lives are at stake." Explores Principal Gallon's efforts to offer education as an option beyond poverty and prison. (EV)

While California has made substantial progress in easing its teacher shortage and reducing the concentration of the least prepared teachers in the lowest achieving schools, the effort to strengthen schools for all students is hampered by the large number of teachers who leave the profession prematurely. Policymakers at the state and local levels…

Background: Disinhibited attachment is an important sequel of an institutional rearing, but questions remain regarding its measurement, its persistence, the specificity of the association with institutional rearing and on whether or not it constitutes a meaningful disorder. Method: Children initially reared in profoundly depriving institutions in…

Development literature suggests that private schools serving the poor are not part of the solution to meeting the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) of universal primary education. The study conducted a census and survey of schools in notified slums of Hyderabad, India, to contribute to the sparse literature on the nature and extent of private…

Background: There is uncertainty about the extent to which language skills are part of general intelligence and even more uncertainty on whether deprivation has differential effects on language and non-language skills. Methods: Language and cognitive outcomes at 6 and 11 years of age were compared between a sample of 132 institution-reared…

This paper describes an instance of a disadvantaged (urban) Australian government school that realized it had little alternative but to try new approaches; "old ways" were not working. The paper describes an ensemble of school reform practices, philosophies and strategies that give young adolescents genuine ownership of their learning.…

When mental health clinicians perform mental status examinations, they examine the language patterns of patients because abnormal language patterns, sometimes referred to as language dysfluency, may indicate a thought disorder. Performing such examinations with deaf patients is a far more complex task, especially with traditionally underserved…

This document discusses an Israeli project which targeted intelligent students in disadvantaged areas for special help with the objective being to encourage their college attendance. The introduction describes problems which confront any educational system in a democratic society, such as fostering adolescent development and encouraging quality…

This study used multiple regression analyses to identify the socioeconomic, demographic and attitudinal correlates of neighborhood differences in the rate of child abuse and neglect. Comparison of actual vs. predicted rates defined high- and low-risk neighborhoods. These "risk scores" then become variables for inclusion in additional…

HEALTH SERVICES OF PROJECT HEAD START CHILD DEVELOPMENT CENTERS PROVIDE--A MEDICAL EVALUATION OF EACH CHILD INCLUDING MEDICAL HISTORY, DEVELOPMENTAL ASSESSMENT, AND PHYSICAL EXAMINATION, SCREENING TESTS FOR VISION, HEARING, SPEECH, AND TUBERCULOSIS, LABORATORY TESTS OF URINE FOR ALBUMIN AND TESTS OF SUGAR AND BLOOD FOR ANEMIA, DENTAL ASSESSMENT,…

ENGLISH CURRICULUM MATERIALS (GATEWAY ENGLISH) DEVELOPED FOR USE WITH SEVENTH-GRADE DISADVANTAGED STUDENTS WERE INFORMALLY EVALUATED. THE EXPERIMENTAL MATERIALS INCLUDED (1) TEACHING MANUALS, (2) DAILY LESSON PLANS, AND (3) PROJECT ENGLISH MATERIALS SELECTED TO PROMOTE DEVELOPMENT OF SPEAKING, LISTENING, AND VIEWING HABITS. MATERIALS WERE DESIGNED…

A CASE STUDY OF HIGH SCHOOL DROPOUTS INVESTIGATED THE OGLALA SIOUX COMMUNITY. DATA GATHERED FROM A PREVIOUS STUDY WAS COMBINED WITH SEMISTRUCTURED INTERVIEW AND OBSERVATION DATA. INFORMATION WAS GATHERED ON SOCIAL SYSTEMS OF THE CLASSROOMS, SCHOOLS, COMMUNITY, PARENTS, TEACHERS, AND PUPILS. RELATIVELY COMPLETE DATA WERE OBTAINED FOR 153 SIOUX…

Left handed people have had bad publicity throughout history, and the resulting myths and disadvantages of left handedness have often not been properly dealt with in the classroom. Our language itself maintains a bias against the left, and many other cultures have defined the left as disreputable. Today's life style also provides many physical…