After reviewing the implications of nonreflective and reflective stances, the conclusion is that applied researchers adopting a social action perspective actually maximize their obligations as scholar-scientists even though a nonneutral posture is assumed. (Author/BW)

Reported responses (N=77) to a questionnaire designed to collect information about perceptions of the role of school psychologists. Results indicated that overall respondents had a fairly accurate sense of what a school psychologist does, although they overestimated the importance of psychotherapy as one of the school psychologist's functions.…

Police officers (N=153) completed a self-report instrument measuring overt and covert anxiety, and a demographic survey exploring officers' perceptions of their need for counseling and to determine factors that predispose officers to seek counseling. Results indicated that officers would seek counseling if services were available. (RC)

Employs the metaphor of verbal language to explore the elements which make up the alphabet, grammar, and vocabulary of visual language, with special emphasis on medical illustrations. Form, line, mass, the role of light, perspective, and visual perception are discussed; nine figures and five references are included. (JL)

Beginning practicum counselors rated the frequency with which supervisors performed 42 supervisor behaviors. Counselors also rated effectiveness of supervision. Supervisors perceived supervision as providing feedback. Beginning counselors rated supervision as good if a personal supervisor-supervisee relationship existed and supervisors provided…

Subjects were assigned to Zen meditation, antimeditation (control), or no-treatment (control) groups. Measures of anxiety showed a decrease after meditation, but no more than the control groups. State anxiety after stress showed no effect of meditation. Measures of perceptual functioning showed no differential improvement. (Author)

Special education paraprofessionals play an important role in providing services to severely/profoundly retarded children, making their interaction with parents also important. Paraprofessionals need to be trained to communicate with parents and to serve as a team member in such functions as collecting information and consulting on home behavior…

The author reviews aspects of visual integration which should be assessed in students with suspected learning problems: visually directed and monitored movements, visual tactual integrations, visual auditory language integrations, and visual systems integrations. (CL)

Three experiments demonstrated (1) habituation and long-term retention of habituation to a tone stimulus in third-grade children, (2) specificity of habituation to an auditory stimulus in first- but not fifth-grade children, and (3) specificity of habituation in fifth-grade children in response suppression when a cross-modality stimulus change was…

Presents the results of a study in aural training that analyzed freshman music majors' responses to rhythmic dictation exercises in the GUIDO system. An analysis of the data showed perceptual patterns and learning styles common to exercises in both simple and common meters. (AM)

Provides an alternative explanation of the divergent findings appearing in the literature on conceptual tempo and reading acquisition. (HOD)

Discusses the effects on oculomotor behavior of variations of the physical attributes of text and similar effects from physical word cues processed in the reader's parafoveal vision. (HOD)

Reports the findings of a study designed to determine the perceptions held by high school graduates toward the informal learning environment that they had experienced in the fifth grade and to add to the research findings on open education. (FL)

A modified beta binomial model is presented for use in analyzing random guessing multiple choice tests and taste tests. Detection probabilities for each item are distributed beta across the population subjects. Properties for the observable distribution of correct responses are derived. Two concepts of true score estimates are presented.…

Developmental color perception of 278 four- and eight-year-old Black and White children in three societies was examined in relation to the theories that proximity to the equator and that fundus pigmentation (as measured by skin color) reduce shortwave (blue-green) in comparison to long-wave perception. (Author/MP)