Describes a study performed at Kenyatta University in which comparative reading and comprehension rates were investigated between five blind and five sighted students. Results indicated that blind students require longer reading time than the sighted students, but comprehension levels remained the same between the groups. Implications and…

Two studies of children's early language comprehension using the signal detection paradigm showed that, although the children demonstrated understanding of a known word, they also overextended that word to inappropriate referent. (Author/CB)

The study examined roles and functions of coordinators of services to college students with handicaps. Randomly selected coordinators (N=61) responded to a nationwide survey. Results suggested that the roles and functions of these coordinators were quite varied and needed to be better defined. (Author/DB)

The accuracy of family planning health care professionals' perceptions of the practices and needs of Mexican-American women was compared with actual needs and practices. Discrepancies were found in reports of problems in obtaining family planning services, fertility-related values, and the acceptability of female sterilization as a birth control…

Describes Moos' conceptual framework which delineates how perceptions of collective human environments (social climates) influence behavior, with congruence achieved when individuals adapt their preferences in selecting environments, as underemphasizing the role of individual variables and the actual environment. Advocates continual analysis of…

Study examines the role of figural characteristics in the development of pictorial inferences. Results indicate that although the pictorial inferences drawn by kindergarteners are heavily influenced by figural representations, such figural dependency cannot account for all of the observed developmental differences. (Author/RWB)

Compares attitudes toward sex-appropriate roles of military and civilian youth in the United States. Results indicated that military status itself did not directly affect perceptions of sex-appropriate roles, although women in the military held less traditional sex role attitudes than civilian women. (TW)

Discusses the cultural meaning of color terms in both Chinese and English. For example, in English, "yellow" connotes "cowardice," while in Chinese it connotes "pornography." Emphasizes the importance of the culturally-determined differences regarding color meaning associations, but recognizes that such perceptions occur within a common…

Examined 56 secondary school counselors' own perceptions of how their time should ideally be spent and how it was actually spent. Group counseling, career and life planning, and classroom guidance activities received less time than counselors thought was needed, while clerical tasks received more time than they felt was warranted. (ABB)

Three experiments were carried out to explore the influence of orthographic codes in the comprehension of auditorially presented words by blind and sighted adolescents (N=24). Results of the first experiment suggested that a braille-derived orthographic code, as well as a print-derived code, affects auditory word processing. (Author)

Examined the effects of the counselor's use of interpretation on participants' perceptions of counselor expertness. A main effect for interpretation type (propositional versus semantic interpretation) and an interaction between degree of discrepancy and interpretation type were found. (Author/BL)

Ninety undergraduate students, acting as jurors, viewed a videotape of a male or female aggressive, assertive, or passive defense attorney and a male prosecuting attorney in a simulated courtroom trial. The aggressive and assertive presentation styles resulted in significantly more "not guilty" verdicts than the passive style, for both the male…

Discusses ethics and home economics education: the lack of democracy in schools, the effect of a society in transition, the exploitation of women during the conflict between traditional and emerging roles, a cognitive approach to teaching values, and conflict resolution and value analysis. (CT)

Examined relationships between therapists' preferences and expectations with regard to their own and their clients' role behaviors. Results revealed that therapists' preferences differed from their expectations, especially with regard to clients' behaviors. Although preferences and expectations changed over time in therapy, the…

A series of six experiments compares young children's competence in attributing absence of knowledge (ignorance) to their competence in attributing a false belief to the other. (HOD)