Using data from two ongoing longitudinal studies and prior research, examines the effect of parental attitudes on the perpetuation of gender stereotypes in choice of school subjects and careers. Because society does not yet reward female- and male-typed occupations equally, such stereotyping is often disadvantageous to girls. (DM)

The Double ABCX model of family stress and coping was evaluated with 86 families raising mentally retarded children. The model evaluates the stressor (A), families' use of resources (B), their perception of the stressor (C), and the stress experiences (X). The causal ordering of the model suggested an ACBX rather than an ABCX relation. (Author/DB)

Presents results of a test of nonmusic majors' ability to remember song titles. Suggests that, although the process of categorization seems to be a basic function of perception, appropriate categorization needs to be learned. Supports the view that music learning, like verbal learning, involves a categorization of stimuli based on holistic…

Proposes that therapeutic efficacy of heterogeneous groups is additionally enhanced by the similarity of interpersonal dynamics and flawed communication patterns common among dysfunction families of all types. Focusing on the roles of the lost child and the mascot, presents case studies of an adult child of alcoholics and the adult child of a…

Details a demographic study of all school board members in West Virginia, focusing on their personal characteristics, motivations, and communication preferences. Given the ever-expanding body of educational research, a knowledge of school board members and the best ways to reach them is invaluable. The data, procedures, and implications of this…

Two experiments found that (1) by age 8 months infants perceived that leaning extends their effective reaching space to grasp objects; (2) by 10 months they perceived the effective limits of leaning and reaching; and (3) by 12 months they began to perceive how this space may be extended by a mechanical aid. (MDM)

Documents results of an interpretive study on process of principal thinking, as both researcher and principal engaged in Shon's notion of reflective coaching. Principal change means switching from a judgmental to a more collaborative role. The study shows that metaphors can be a powerful reflective tool to help principals conceptualize their roles…

This study evaluated the ability of 30 normally developing children (ages 6-12) to report the perceived location of a stationary fused auditory image (FAI) or track a "moving" FAI. Although subjects performed at normal adult levels with the stationary sound measure, they exhibited a significant age-related trend with the moving sound…

Two experiments with 78 college students investigated the effect of visual display coherence and simultaneous presentation of visual displays and stories on detailed recognition memory. Results suggest that unification of the visual display has a detrimental effect on memory for detail. (SLD)

Acoustic analyses, along with perceptual ratings, measured the extent to which preschoolers imitated three modeled intonation contours (declarative, interrogative, and monotone). Results indicated that five-year-old children imitated modeled contours more frequently than did three-year-old children, with between-group differences largely because…

Reconsiders the usual typologies of diagram presentations, questioning accepted taxonomies. Examines diagrammatic structures, revealing some hardened categories. Suggests that new discoveries can be made if questions are raised about how information is framed. (SR)

Seven infants were tested between the ages of 6 and 25 weeks to see how they would grasp objects presented in full light and glowing or sounding objects presented in total darkness. In all three conditions, the infants first grasped the objects at nearly the same time, suggesting that internal stimuli, not visual guidance, directed their actions.…

Children's ability to remember and report past mental states was examined. Four-year olds were able to report all past mental states. Three-year olds reported past pretenses, images, and perceptions well; desires and intentions with moderate difficulty; and beliefs with great difficulty. (BC)

Examined relationship of family and work roles to psychological well-being of Blacks. Data from National Survey of Black Americans indicated that more life satisfaction and happiness were not affected by sex-specific social roles. Marriage and parenting did affect these well-being measures. Employed men who did most of household work had…

Interviews with 19 Ohio farm wives examined role and task changes since 1910 related to technological innovation, broader economic restructuring, and patriarchal rules about family division of labor. As family farms integrate into the male-dominated world of agribusiness, women's work is becoming less visible and less valued. (SV)