"Qualitative evaluation" is the theme of this issue of the California Journal of Teacher Education. Ralph Tyler states that evaluation is essentially descriptive, and using numbers does not solve basic problems. Martha Elin Vernazza examines the issue of objectivity in history and its implications for evaluation. She posits that the…

A study was conducted to determine how well the advertising industry portrays the changing work roles of women. Four advertising executives were interviewed to find out their feelings about the changes in women's work roles and what action they were taking to adapt advertising to these changes, while 11 women were interviewed with similar…

The author mentions findings of research on teacher morale and points out supportive roles which school personnel can play in helping teachers of emotionally handicapped students. Among the supportive settings listed are informal conversations, supervisory conferences, staff meetings, and inservice training sessions. Eight supportive roles which…

The purpose of the present study was to determine the influences of sex and sex-role identification on the perceived characteristics of a good manager. A sample of 335 students from various undergraduate and graduate business courses completed the Bem Sex-Role Inventory both for themselves and for a good manager. Three hypotheses were tested--that…

Recent investigations of the cognitive components of human-environmental interactions owe much to the work of city planner Kevin Lynch, who hypothesized cognitive mapping as a two-way interactive process between individuals and their environment. Lynch identified five elements which individuals used in the construction of cognitive maps,…

WORD PERCEPTION IS DISCUSSED NOT AS A MECHANICAL TOOL BUT AS A THINKING PROCESS. HOW INDIVIDUALS PERCEIVE PRINTED FORMS DEPENDS ON THE STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT OF THEIR READING ABILITIES. THE BEGINNING READER PROCEEDS ON THE BASIS OF WORD FORMS HE RECOGNIZES AS WHOLES. LATER HE USES CONTEXT AND PICTURE CLUES, VERBAL CONTEXT, GENERAL CONFIGURATIONS,…

VISUAL TRAINING IS DEFINED AS THE FIELD OF OCULAR REEDUCATION AND REHABILITATION OF THE VARIOUS VISUAL SKILLS THAT ARE OF PARAMOUNT IMPORTANCE TO SCHOOL ACHIEVEMENT, AUTOMOBILE DRIVING, OUTDOOR SPORTS ACTIVITIES, AND OCCUPATIONAL PURSUITS. A HISTORY OF ORTHOPTICS, THE SUGGESTED NAME FOR THE ENTIRE FIELD OF OCULAR REEDUCATION, IS GIVEN. READING AS…

TWO EXPERIMENTS WERE CONDUCTED IN ORDER TO OBTAIN A MATHEMATICAL DESCRIPTION OF THE PERCEPTUAL PROCESS BY WHICH NORMAL AND MENTALLY RETARDED SUBJECTS SYNTHESIZE STIMULUS CUES IN PERCEPTUAL IDENTIFICATION. THE INITIAL STUDY EMPLOYED 50 COLLEGE STUDENTS, 34 GRADE SCHOOL STUDENTS, AND 24 MENTALLY RETARDED CHILDREN (AGES 9-16) AS SUBJECTS. THE…

THE PRINCIPAL OBJECTIVES OF THIS STUDY WERE (1) TO DESCRIBE DEVELOPMENT STAGES OF STUDENTS FROM FIRST- THROUGH NINTH-GRADE LEVELS AS THEY AFFECT THE SOLUTION OF A THREE-DIMENSIONAL CLASSIFICATION PROBLEM, (2) TO UTILIZE THE INHELDER-PIAGET AND THE BRUNNER SYSTEMS OF DESCRIBING STAGES OF COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT, AND (3) TO DETERMINE BY MULTIVARIATE…

The study involving 96 undergraduates with no previous experience with braille investigated variables (such as size of the braille symbols) affecting the learning of braille. Data were analyzed in terms of the number of correct responses, item difficulty, and error patterns. Visual Ss did better than haptic Ss on the regular bralle items but not…

It has been suggested that drawings are symbolic constructions which follow certain rules. In order to investigate one aspect of representational rule use in drawing, (an object's orientation), 36 kindergarten, second, and fourth grade children were asked to draw familiar objects placed in several orientations or an orientation of their choice.…

Preschoolers' perceptions of the reality of selected televised portrayals were investigated in this study. Three factors (type of event, character, and format) were examined as a function of the age and sex of the children. Thirty-six 4- and 5 1/2-year-olds were asked to judge the reality of specific televised events shown on videotape. The events…

Six- to nine-year-old children's (N=14) initial perceptions of the elderly were reexamined following an intervention consisting of an increase in the frequency of beneficial contact that the children had with old people. Beneficial contact was provided when elderly persons (N=23) served for two months as tutors in a reading program for normal…

ROLE TRANSITIONS IN ADULT CAREER DEVELOPMENT IS PRESENTED IN TERMS OF THE TECHNICAL, SOCIAL, AND DIRECTIVE ROLE ELEMENTS FOUND IN TWO STUDIES OF MANAGERIAL BEHAVIOR AND CAREER DEVELOPMENT. THE INDIVIDUAL'S LIFE SPACE IS THE BASIC FORMULATION OF THIS IDEA. THAT IS, MAJOR CHANGES IN THE CONFIGURATION OF THE INDIVIDUAL'S INTERPERSONAL NETWORK…