The individual differences that are labeled as learning styles, teaching styles, leadership styles, and psychological types are clustered together in this book in order to explore the importance of style in education. The book is divided into three parts. The first part defines style and provides some background concerning research on style. The…

The present study was designed to examine the effectiveness of post-experimental debriefing in reducing both self-reported anxiety and physiological arousal among participants who differed in their characteristic responses to threat. One hundred five female undergraduates were classified according to their Repression-Sensitization type and were…

Theories of socialization have developed independently of established facts against which to measure their adequacy. Studies showing low levels of skin conductance and slow latency of response among criminals have supported a bio-social theory that criminals inherit neurological systems that impede reduction of fear and interfere with learning.…

The field dependent-independent cognitive style has been noted by researchers to be related to mathematical achievement. Researchers have also noted a relationship between field dependence and measures of intelligence, and between sex and mathematical achievement. A multiple regression framework was used to examine the effects of field dependence,…

The research looking for cognitive factors specific to depression has resulted in the consistent finding that memory in depression is selective. The phenomenon of selective memory for negative events in depression was investigated using signal detection methods to separately examine the contributions of information processing deficits and response…

A study of the effects of peer-pairing and integrative motivation on both formal language performance and actual language behavior with Korean immigrant children is presented. The formal language learning was measured by tests of oral production and listening comprehension, and actual language behavior was measured by observations in a natural…

The effects of musical accompaniment on two different visual information processing activities were examined in individuals of differing selected personality types. The Myers Briggs Type Indicator Form G was administered to classes of University students. From the results, four subgroups, the sensing-thinking, sensing-feeling, intuitive-feeling,…

Little previous research has compared bulimics to dieters who do not binge eat but who are also concerned with their weight. This study examined differences between college students who were classified as either bulimic (N=21), chronic dieters (N=29), or controls (N=83). The extent to which remarks made by significant others and failure…

Studies concerning which type of career counseling intervention is best used with respect to the individual differences of clients have been sparse. To investigate the effects of client learning style on: (1) satisfaction with the System of Interactive Guidance and Instruction (SIGI); (2) the rating of values; and (3) selection of the main…

Counseling may be developmental, preventive or crisis-oriented. Counselors using a developmental approach to school counseling recognize that human development is characterized by stages containing different psychosocial crises and different developmental tasks. High school students are predominantly in the early adolescent stage, characterized by…

To gain insight into the evaluation of college freshman compositions, a study explored the relationship between the personality type of the instructor and the grades assigned to essays written by freshman composition students. The sample comprised 23 college instructors who answered a short questionnaire, graded the same expository essay, and…

Neurotic fear of success is conceptually connected to achievement motivation and achievement related conflicts. To investigate the relationship between individuals identified as success-fearers, or failure-fearers, and those high in achievement motivation, 426 college students completed Cohen's Fear of Success Scale, Mandler-Sarason's Test Anxiety…

This paper defines the next generation of intelligent computer-assisted instructional systems (ICAI) by depicting the elaborations and extensions offered by educational research and theory perspectives to enhance the ICAI environment. The first section describes conventional ICAI systems, which use expert systems methods and have three modules: a…

This study examined help-seeking and achievement behavior in elementary shool girls in a problem-solving situation. Classified as high or low in mastery orientation on the basis of their scores on a subset of items on the Intellectual Achievement Responsibility Scale, 40 fourth and sixth grade girls participated in the study. Children's task…

Although stress related to work has received increased attention in recent years, the role of personality characteristics in mediating job stress has not been systematically investigated. Nonetheless, the perception of work stress and the significance of various sources of support may vary considerably based on individual characteristics.…