From a paper presented at the Annual Convention of the New York State Association of Teachers of Mentally Retarded (2nd, October, 1968).

Used an exchange theory model to examine the remarriage behavior of 26 financially secure and insecure women. Results showed financially secure women had more opportunities to date but were more likely to be independent in their relationships with men and less anxious to remarry. (JAC)

Suggests classroom activities to prepare unexceptional students to accept and understand individual differences and individual treatment in a mainstreamed classroom through open, active discussions about their attitudes and feelings. (DMM)

The development of prose comprehension and writing skills in children and, in particular, the issue of what children know about different types of discourse are reviewed. Many different types of studies are considered in order to show how children's prior knowledge might affect their subsequent performance on both reading and writing tasks.…

Examined the relationship between personality and psychopathology using the Multivariate Personality Inventory (MPI) (N=100). Results showed significant differences among groups, which indicates that the personality groups as defined by the MPI in a normal population perform as would be predicted from work with pathological groups. (JAC)

Measured the expectations, values, and motivations of depressed, hyperactive, and normal children (N=54). Results confirmed that depressed children exhibited reduced motivation, primarily because their expectations were pessimistic, although not abnormally irrational. Hyperactives exhibited optimistic expectations, inflated values, and, hence,…

Investigated communication in happy and distressed married couples (N=58) in two studies. Problem-solving behaviors were evaluated by the spouses and observers. Half of the distressed couples received written feedback. Results indicated both happy and distressed wives engaged in more negative behaviors than husbands, and videotape and written…

Tested two hypotheses explaining the causes of differences in recruitment source effectiveness, i.e., the realism of job information provided and the characteristics of individuals recruited, on a sample of employees (N=295). The hypothesis that recruitment sources differ because they reach individuals from different applicant populations received…

Relations between rank of propositions in descriptive passages, importance ratings, and recall were evaluated in experiments using undergraduates to determine whether passage structure and importance ratings are necessarily related. Importance ratings varied with instructions, but subjects recalled superordinate propositions better than…

Describes the forms of foreign language learning in adult education in England and a selection of the more common teaching, learning, and organizational factors and problems associated with them. (JOW)

Examined factors related to the self-concept of institutionalized male drug abusers (N=140). The Tennessee Self Concept Scale, a family questionnaire, and an interview were administered. Results yielded several predictors of self-concept, including parent-adolescent relationship, number of prior status offenses, and preference for nondepressant…

Compared three groups of students with vocational problems who sought professional counseling, enrolled in a career planning class, or sought no professional help. Results indicated those who used the services of the counseling center had a significantly more positive attitude toward counseling and counselors. (Author/JAC)

Investigated influences on environmental attitudes of factors within the control of the educational system (offering environmental education or not) and of those less amenable to control (students' age, sex, academic orientation, year in school). Results obtained from college students (N=136) indicate that these attitudes are importantly related…

Differences in achievement motivation and sex-role orientation between female athletes and nonathletes were assessed using Mehrabian's Scale of Achieving Tendency and the Bem Sex-Role Inventory. Athletes exhibited higher achievement motivation. Also, high achievement motivation was related to androgynous and masculine sex roles. (Author/CM)

Eighteen second-grade boys and girls identified as being high or low role-takers were videotaped teaching two same-sex kindergartners to make construction-paper caterpillars. High and low role-takers differed on eight dimensions of the 16 categories of prosocial behavior coded during videotaped observations. (Author/MP)