Examined the relative effects of interpersonal strain in male and female adolescent delinquency. Results from a sample of 3,595 students from the National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988 show that, although interpersonal strain is an important correlate of some types of female delinquency, it is a more important correlate of male delinquency.…

Ten adolescents with and 10 without disabilities were asked about their perceptions and experiences of play. The following themes emerged: the nature of play, environmental barriers and supports, and individual differences in play experiences. Results support a client-centered approach in which client values and attitudes are incorporated into…

Discusses the meanings and centrality of the concept of "difference" in feminist evaluation in an interlocking systems view of dominance and oppression. Draws connections to the practice of evaluation for social change. (SLD)

Acoustic measures and stress judgments were made of spondaic words with alternating syllabic stress produced by three profoundly hearing-impaired adolescents and a hearing control. The data suggested that there are important between-speaker differences in the overall hierarchy of cues adopted to convey lexical stress. (Author/DB)

Proposes a new thesis about the role of individual differences in managers' media choice behavior. Argues that individual differences influence media choice only under conditions of low message equivocality. Reports that the findings of an exploratory study provide some support for this theoretical notion. (MG)

Describes some ways in which learning styles have been examined. Discusses the ways in which differences in learning styles may develop. Presents educational implications of this work. (RJC)

Examined pregnant adolescents' choice of adoption. Found that adolescents with mothers who favored adoption and those who had few parenting peer models were more likely to choose adoption. Age, knowledge of peers who had chosen adoption, grades in schools, involvement in comprehensive adolescent pregnancy program, and participation in individual…

Investigates the relationship between self-recognition and self-evaluative emotions in two studies on 27 children aged 9-24 months and 44 children aged 22 months. The results of both studies indicate that embarrassment but not wariness was related to self-recognition. (RJC)

Six profiles of theoretical types of gifted and talented children are offered including (1) the successful gifted, (2) the divergently gifted, (3) the "underground" gifted (who want to hide their giftedness), (4) the dropouts, (5) the double-labeled (with physical or emotional handicaps) gifted student, and (6) the autonomous learner. (DB)

Age related declines in fluid intelligence were accounted for by age-related declines in a general latency factor (cognitive speed) for 63 adults aged 26 to 80 years, but results called into question the assumption that cognitive speed accounts for all individual IQ differences. (SLD)

Being culturally sensitive to African American clients dictates that therapists understand the bond among blacks of various social-ecological backgrounds. Discusses some of the fundamental distinctions between African Americans and black West Indian clients, including differences in familial relationships, nuances of language usage, and the…

The association of typical intellectual engagement with various abilities, and the association of such engagements with broader personality domain and available performance measures were studied with 138 undergraduate students (61 males and 77 females). Results demonstrate that individuals differ in typical intellectual engagement and that those…

Discusses development of the Sonnier Model of Hemispheric Preference. Notes frequent references to the senses "visual" and "auditory" rather than the two hemispheric functions "visual" and "analytical." (RS)

Finds that individuals judged to be high in print exposure displayed more extensive vocabularies and cultural knowledge than those with low print exposure, even after differences in age and education were controlled. Suggests a more prominent role for print exposure in theories of individual differences in cognitive development. (RS)

This study of 65 children (ages 10-13) with dyslexia found no discrete subgroups. Variability in performance on reading tasks was quite similar for the dyslexic and reading age-control groups. A few children with dyslexia resembled phonological dyslexics and surface dyslexics, but these subjects were still part of a continuum. (Author/JDD)