Examines academic freedom in Fiji after a military coup in 1987. Describes how universities are viewed in developing nations by totalitarian regimes. Discusses the university's visibility, cost, and role in economic development. Refers to numerous studies on the complexity and intensity of relations between the university and the power structure.…

Interview data from a study investigating perceptions and attitudes of teachers toward their work provides the basis for this article which examines the metaphorical language teachers use to describe their experience and sketches an outline of the meaning of work as perceived by teachers, school systems and society. (IAH)

The role of the local community in setting moral standards for the public schools and professional standards for Canadian teachers is studied by reviewing some court cases. It is suggested that public school teachers may best protect their human rights by asserting professional status through collective bargaining and peer review. (SLD)

The Danish education system has been characterized by democratic values, individual choice of education and institution, emphasis on general education, and teachers' freedom of teaching method. But these characteristics are being undermined by European unity and neoliberalist policies that see education as an element in the market economy.…

Presents eight themes concerning the superintendents' roles in the 1990s that demand a bold restructuring of school leadership. Future superintendents must project passionate instructional leadership, recapture the focus on student learning, coordinate community child services, redefine success with performance-based assessment, fight for…

Our present factory-model educational system, now desperately undergoing "restructuring," was never intended as a social equalizer but as a great American academic and social sorting machine. The archaic, restrictive goals of America 2000 are doomed, along with narrowly defined intelligence quotients. A more revolutionary, restructuring…

Interviews with 27 elementary and secondary teachers who attended a summer postgraduate program found that transfer of learning occurred when courses allowed collegial interaction and discussion, assignments were job relevant, and application of new knowledge was encouraged in the school or district. (SK)

The need to formalize codes of ethics for teachers, with the objective of finding an appropriate balance between professional autonomy and accountability, is discussed. Sample codes from the United States, Germany, and Switzerland are examined and interpreted. The role of ethics in educational reform, relationship of ethics to other teacher…

Successive UK governments have not clarified educational standards. The Tory government promulgated autonomous grant-maintained schools. Now Labour plans to "reinvent" this sector via foundation and voluntary schools with reduced powers. A recent study found that headteachers believed grant-maintained status (and enhanced funding) helped…

The complexity of principals' work may be characterized according to three dilemmas: accountability, autonomy, and efficiency. Narrative vignettes of 74 Australian principals revealed that principals were fair and inclusive. When faced with restructuring dilemmas, however, they favored strong over shared leadership, efficiency over collaboration,…

During 1995-97, 50 interviews disclosed paradoxes shaping Australian women college administrators' work: women are doing more, but less valued work; academics are intellectual/managerial workers; quality is stressed despite fewer resources; work relations are collegial, while rewards are individual; and women offer new leadership, but are…

School culture consists of "the beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors which characterize a school" (Phillips, 1996, p. 1). It is the shared experiences both in school and out of school (traditions and celebrations) that create a sense of community, family, and team membership. It affects everything that happens in a school, including student…

This article aims to study the design and the organization of auditing systems to develop environmental or quality assurance schemes at the farm level and the role that extension services could play in these processes. It starts by discussing the issue of combining auditing and advisory activities and developing auditing competences. Empirical…

As Taiwan's state apparatus began to democratise, the question arose as to how teachers' practices might inform the wider process of contextual changes, i.e. societal, economic and political changes. This article explores this issue through an examination of how teachers seek to alter the relations of authority by arguing for independent teacher…

This paper considers the experiences of teachers in a "progressive" English independent school, in particular with respect to what might loosely be termed job satisfaction. The paper suggests that these teachers have ideals and aspirations in common with many of their colleagues who teach in the state sector. The writers suggest that…