In 1977, a longitudinal study was initiated to assess the effectiveness of health services provided by Head Start. The study provided for 10 domains: pediatric health examinations, health history recordings, dental evaluation, anthropometric assessment, diet and nutrition assessment, and hematology evaluations, as well as for developmental,…

"Minority children" experience a lot of shifts in their cultural contexts. The author's work as a professional teacher in multicultural classes enabled her to focus on the research questions presented in this article. These questions concern the need for some minority children to achieve equal opportunities in the Norwegian educational…

Incorporating engineering in the elementary school curriculum provides students with ways of connecting, applying, and reinforcing knowledge in math, science, and design. To bring what is essentially a new discipline to K-12 education means developing and supporting new tools for the classroom, additional curriculum, teacher training, and support…

A model is proposed and tested which suggests that students who come to school with more positive attitudes toward the political system generalize these attitudes to the school as a substitute political system. In turn, they seek out involvement in extracurricular and governance activities in the high school. To test this model, two attitude…

As part of a longitudinal study of the New York State Experimental Prekindergarten Program (PreK), several measures were administered to the four-year-old children in the fall of 1975 and to a sample of the same children in the spring of 1976. Analyses of covariance were carried out on three measures of cognitive development with one of five…

A land use unit using information from space programs is intended to help secondary teachers develop, plan, and implement land use programs in the social studies classroom. The subject of this unit is a flood control dam in Colorado. Interdisciplinary curriculum includes activities in mapmaking, environmental and mathematical studies, local…

Although educators and philosophers such as Johann Amos Comenius, Jean Jacques Rousseau, Pestalozzi, and Froebel stressed the study of nature, outdoor education really began with the first teaching-learning act which occurred outdoors. The human being, physiologically and psychologically adapted for outdoor existence, has only been indoors for…

The report identifies structural changes and trends in the composition of the nonmetro labor force between 1973 and 1979; evaluates the labor force performance by race, sex, and age; and suggests underlying causes of the major changes and the likelihood of particular trends continuing into the eighties. Tabular data indicate that: (1) metro and…

Immigrant and refugee students at the University of California, Berkeley, were surveyed in spring 1980 to assess their needs. Of the 311 mailed questionnaires, 208 responses were received. The data were analyzed by language group, class level, and immigrant/refugee status. The major areas of difficulty for these students were the large amount of…

Studies from several countries are described in this review of literature pertinent to assigning day care children to multi-age or homogeneous age groups. Three issues are discussed in this regard: (1) What difference does it make how one groups children? The answer is that a profound difference to children, staff, and parents may occur in terms…

Similarities and differences between adult and traditional-aged students were analyzed based on a survey of 13 cohorts of first-year college freshmen. A sample of 172,400 first-year students over the age of 21 who responded to the Cooperative Institutional Research Program's freshman survey between 1966 and 1978 was compared to a nationally…

To measure urban-rural differences in types of career counseling received by students and perceptions held by students regarding career planning activities, research was conducted to extend the 1975 study by Noeth, Roth, and Prediger, which used the same career questions and resulting data, but did not include the urban-rural comparison. The…

Responses of a sample of 1533 incoming freshmen and 310 transfer students who entered the University of Maryland, College Park, in Fall 1975 were compared on a number of demographic and attitudinal items. Results showed that transfer students and incoming freshmen were more similar than different on the items compared. Differences were found in…

The Special Secondary Impact Program instituted in 14 California secondary schools provided counseling and part time jobs to migrant students to help them stay in school long enough to graduate. The study examined the program's effect on inter- and intra-state migrant secondary school students. Variables measured migrant enrollment, migrant…

This volume contains 19 scholarly essays on current research in representative areas of the field of psychology. Topics of the essays include the following: relations between psychology and other sciences, origins of psychology as a science, human memory, cross-cultural cognitive psychology, biology of motivation, organizational behavior, social…