In this article we discuss the traditional behavioral models of depression and some of the challenges analyzing a phenomenon with such complex and varied features. We present the traditional model and suggest that it does not capture the complexity of the phenomenon, nor do syndromal models of depression that dominate the mainstream…

Presented is an explanation of a non-Darwinian theory of evolution based on the premise that functional differences are the result of many small mutations such as the substitution of one amino acid for another in a large protein molecule. A brief overview of Darwinian evolution and other theories are presented. (EB)

Analogies can be useful in the study of behavior, physiology, and comparative evolution. Dangers in mistaking a homology for an analogy are discussed. (RH)

Article introduced research on the human brain with a review of the actual history of the brain as an organ of the body. (Author/RK)

Gives highlights of the life of Alfred Wallace, co-developer with Charles Darwin of the theory of natural selection. (LS)

Describes the rapid advance of molecular genetics over the past 20 years that have accounted for the origin of mutations. This research has revealed that variation within species is much greater than Darwin postulated. (Author/MA)

Traces the evolution of unicellular organisms to the multi-cellular plants and animals in existence today. Major events are depicted in a geologic timetable. Organisms, extinct and recent, are classified by taxonomic group. (MA)

Suggests that the hypothesis that there is a formative directional tendency in the universe could be a base upon which to build a theory for humanistic psychology. (Author/RK)

Constructs an evolutionary sequence to account for the diversity of ion pumps found today. Explanations include primary ion pumps in bacteria, features and distribution of ATP-driven pumps, preference for cation transport, and proton pump reversal. The integrated evolutionary hypothesis should encourage new experimental approaches. (DH)

Discusses various bioethical issues and problems related to animal welfare and animal rights. Areas examined include: Aristotelian views; animal welfare legislation; Darwin and evolutionary theory; animal and human behavior; and vegetarianism. A 14-point universal declaration of the rights of animals is included. (JN)

Many thinkers are developing perspectives that take living organisms, rather than machines, as the model for the complex interrelationships observable in nature and society. Such models are evolutionary, holistic, and emphasize networks of relation and patterns of organization. This evolutionary synthesis can be used to project the future.…

Presents a perspective on evolution which includes an explanation of the textbook theory of evolution, a review of evolutionary theory before Darwin, and an outline of Darwin's early theories. Describes a rethinking of evolutionary theory to include natural selection, conservative selection, discontinous evolution, catastrophism, and the…

Examines court cases affecting academic freedom. Observes that the courts have not established a separate and independent right to academic freedom, although they have almost unanimously upheld the right of the student to learn and the teacher to teach that which is controversial utilizing the First Amendment protections of freedom of expression…

Biological evolution can be carried out in the laboratory. With new knowledge available in genetics, possibilities are raised that genetic characters can be transferred in the future to embryos according to a predetermined plan. (PS)

Author proposes that the process of natural selection has resulted in higher forms of life. The Theory of Creation fails to appreciate the continuing nature of the natural selection process. Proofs of the natural selection process and the origin of species with new characteristics are observable. (PS)